Chapter 8: Dissociative and Somatic Symptom Disorders

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE: Anxiety is always seen in D and S disorders.

Answer 1

FALSE.

It is not always obvious, so the DSM does not classify them together as neuroses.

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE: Both D and S disorders are hypothesized to be associated with stressful situations, yet symptoms do not involve direct expressions of anxiety.

Answer 2

TRUE.

Question 3

What three major dissociative disorders does the DSM-5 include?

Answer 3

1. Dissociative amnesia;
2. Depersonalization/derealiation disorder
3. Dissociative identity disorder (this one is discussed the most in depth in the chapter)

Question 4

What was DID previously known as?

Answer 4

Multiple personality disorder.

Question 5

Which dissociative disorder is characterized by lack of conscious access to memory, typically of a stressful experience?

Answer 5

Dissociative amnesia.

Question 6

Which dissociative disorder is characterized by the alteration in the experience of the self and reality?

Answer 6

Depersonalization or derealization disorder.

Question 7

Which dissociative disorder is characterized by the involvement of at least two distinct personalities that act independently of each other?

Answer 7

Dissociative identity disorder (DID).

Question 8

TRUE OR FALSE: In the DSM-5, dissociative fugue is a separate diagnosis from dissociative amnesia.

Answer 8

FALSE.

It is a subtype now! It used to be a separate diagnosis.

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE: Almost all people diagnosed with DID report a history of abuse.

Answer 9

TRUE.

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE: The memory loss in DA usually involves information about some part of a traumatic experience.

Answer 10

TRUE.

Question 11

What is a subtype of amnesia characterized by becoming totally amnesic, and leaving home and work?

Answer 11

Dissocative fugue.

Question 12

TRUE OR FALSE: Dissociative disorders involve deficits in implicit memory, but not explicit memory.

Answer 12

FALSE.

It’s the other way around.

Question 13

What type of memory involves the conscious recall of experiences (e.g. describing a toy you had as a child)?

Answer 13

Explicit memory.

Question 14

What type of memory involves learning based on experiences that are not consciously recalled (e.g. how to eat or walk, etc)

Answer 14

Implicit memory.

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE: In diagnosing DA, it is important to rule out other common causes of memory loss, such as dementia and substance abuse.

Answer 15

TRUE.

Question 16

Which state do people suddenly lose their sense of selves, or experience a detachment from one’s mental processes or body, as though one is in a dream?

Answer 16

Depersonalization.

Question 17

Which state do people experience unreality of surroundings?

Answer 17

Derealization.

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE: Depersonalization/derealization disorders are chronic.

Answer 18

TRUE.

This means, sadly, that it lasts a lifetime.

Question 19

TRUE OR FALSE: DID is considered to be less severe than other dissociative disorders.

Answer 19

FALSE.

It is actually more severe and extensive than other dissociative disorders, and recovery may be less complete.

Question 20

TRUE OR FALSE: DID is more common in men than in women.

Answer 20

FALSE.

It is more common in women.

Question 21

What strange thing can depersonalization be triggered by?

Answer 21

Hyperventilation.

Question 22

What is the main difference between DID and schizophrenia?

Answer 22

Those diagnosed with DID dp not show the thought disorder and behavioral disorganization characteristic of schizophrenia.

Question 23

What are the two major theories of DID?

Answer 23

The posttraumatic model and the sociocognitive model?

Question 24

Which model proposes that some people are particularly likely to use dissociation to cope with trauma or abuse?

Answer 24

The posttraumatic model.

Question 25

Which model considers DID to be a result of enacting social roles? (think: the case of Elizabeth and her therapist)

Answer 25

The sociocognitive model.

Question 26

What is the technique where the person is hypnotized and encouraged to go back to his or her mind to traumatic events in childhood called?

Answer 26

Age regression.

The idea of this would have been to access past traumatic memories to have them realize that adult life need not be governed by ghosts from the past.

Question 27

TRUE OR FALSE: Age regression often improves DID symptoms.

Answer 27

FALSE.

It can actually worsen them!

Question 28

What types of disorders are marked by excessive concerns about physical symptoms or health?

Answer 28

Somatic symptom disorders.

Question 29

What are the three somatic symptom disorders in the DSM-5

Answer 29

1. Complex somatic symptom disorder
2. Illness anxiety disorder
3. Functional neurological disorder

Question 30

TRUE OR FALSE: Those with complex somatic symptom disorder experience their symptoms as completely physical.

Answer 30

TRUE.

Question 31

TRUE OR FALSE: Illness anxiety disorder is diagnosed when a person has minimal to no somatic symptoms.

Answer 31

TRUE.

Question 32

TRUE OR FALSE: Illness anxiety disorder is the same as hypochondriasis.

Answer 32

FALSE.

There’s some difference between complex somatic symptom disorder and these two, kaso napakalabo.

Question 33

Which disorder has the patient experience sudden neurological symptoms, such as blindness or paralysis?

Answer 33

Functional neurological disorder.

Question 34

What is the term for loss of the voice?

Answer 34

Aphonia.

Question 35

What is the term for loss of the sense of smell?

Answer 35

Anosmia.

Question 36

What was the term in ancient Greek periods used to originally describe the functional neurological disorder?

Answer 36

Hysteria.

Question 37

TRUE OR FALSE: Malingering and factitious disorder are somatic symptom disorders.

Answer 37

FALSE.

However, they are discussed along with these because they can involve somatic symptoms.

Question 38

What is when a personal intentionally fakes a symptom to avoid responsibility.

Answer 38

Malingering.

Question 39

What is the term for when a person intentionally produces physical (sometimes psychological) symptoms to assume the role of a patient?

Answer 39

Factitious disorder.

Question 40

What is the main difference between malingering and factitious disorder?

Answer 40

In malingering, symptoms are voluntarily under control. In factitious disorder, this is thought not to be the case. Clinicians try to determine whether the symptoms have been consciously or unconsciously adapted.