Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chapter 8- Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Digestive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Or/o Stomat/o

A

Mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Enter/o

A

Small Intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Col/o, Colon/o

A

Large Intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

an/o

A

Anus, ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum, straight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proct/o

A

Anus and rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What transports food from mouth to esophagus

A

Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Transports food from pharynx to stomach

A

Esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Breaks down food, mixes it with digestive juices

A

Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Completes digestion and absorption of most nutrients

A

Small Intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Absorbs water and prepares solid waste for elimination

A

Large Intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Controls excretion of solid waste from body

A

anus rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stores bile, releases it into small intestine as needed

A

gall bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Secrets bile and enzymes to aid in digestion of fats

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Secretes digestive juices and enzymes into small intestine

A

Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile, Gall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

-emesis

A

Vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

-lithiasis

A

presence of stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

-pepsia

A

digest, digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

-phagia

A

eating, swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

TPN

A

total parenteral nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

TMD

A

temporomandibular disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

PU

A

peptic ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

MO

A

morbid obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

j, jaund

A

jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

IO

A

intestinal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

IH

A

inguinal hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

ICS

A

ileocecal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

GE

A

gastroenteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

EV

A

esophageal varices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

CRC

A

colorectal carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

COL

A

colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

CIR, CIRR

A

cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

CCE, chole

A

cholecystectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

BIL, Bil, bili

A

bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

structures

A

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, SI, LI, rectum, anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Accessory organs

A

liver, gallbladder, pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Upper GI tract

A

Mouth stomach esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Lower GI tract

A

SI LI rectum anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

oral cavity

A

lips hard and soft palates salivary glands tongue teeth periodontium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

papillae

A

contain taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

lingual frenum

A

attaches tongue to floor of mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

periodontium

A

bone and soft tissue surround and support teeth

51
Q

gingiva

A

gums

52
Q

dentition

A

natural teeth arrangement in upper and lower jaws

53
Q

4 types of teeth

A

canines, incisors, premolars, molars

54
Q

baby teeth

A

20 teeth

55
Q

adult teeth

A

32 teeth

56
Q

occlusion

A

contact between chewing surface of upper and lower teeth

57
Q

teeth structure

A 
crown (covered in enamel)
roots (protected by cementum)
cervix (crown and root meet)
Dentin (bulk of tooth)
pulp ( blood supply to tooth)
58
Q

Salivary glands

A

parotid (on face infront of and slightly lower than ears)
sublingual (floor of mouth under tongue)
submandibular (floor of mouth near mandible)

59
Q

epiglottis

A

closes entrance to trachea

60
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

controls flow between esophagus and stomach

61
Q

stomach structure

A

fundus (upper rounded part)
body (main)
antrum (lower)

62
Q

Rugae

A

folds in mucosa lining glands within folds produce gastric juices

63
Q

pylorus

A

connects stomach with SI

64
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

controls flow from stomach to SI

65
Q

SI 3 sections

SI is 20 ft long

A

duodenum (chyme mixed with pancreatic juices and bile)
jejunum (secretes large amounts of digestive enzymes)
ileum (absorbs nutrients)

66
Q

LI structures

5ft long

A

Cecum
Colon
rectum and anus

67
Q

cecum structure

A

( ileocecal sphincter -flow from ileum to LI, vermiform appendix- hangs from lower portion)

68
Q

colon 4 parts

A

asending
transverse
decending
sigmoid

69
Q

Liver functions

A

removes excess glucose
destroys old RBC
secretes bile

70
Q

biliary tree

A

channels bile is transported from liver to SI

71
Q

anabolism, catabolism

A

building up body cells or substances from nutrients

breaking down body cells or substances

72
Q

lacteal

A

transport fat and fat solubles via lymphatic vessels

73
Q

mastication

A

chewing

74
Q

LI

A

excess water reabsorbed into the body

75
Q

Bariatrics

A

branch of medicine prevention and control of obesity

76
Q

internist

A

physician specialized in diagnosising and treating internal organs and related body systems

77
Q

orthodontist

A

dental specialist prevents corrects maloccusion of teeth and related facial structures

78
Q

periodontist

A

specializes in treating and preventing disorders of tissues surrounding teeth

79
Q

myc

A

fungus

80
Q

bruxism

A

grinding of teeth

81
Q

dental caries

A

cavities

82
Q

dysphagia

A

painful difficult swallowing

83
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

84
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn

85
Q

peptic ulcer types

A

gastric (stomach)
duodenal (upper part of SI)
perforating (ulcer erodes though entire thickness of organ wall)

86
Q

cachexia

A

losing body weight muscle mass due to illness

87
Q

pica

A

abnormal craving for nonfood substance

88
Q

malabsorption

A

SI can not absorb nutrients

89
Q

aer/o

A

air

90
Q

-phagia

A

swallowing

91
Q

dyspepsia

A

pain or discomfort digesting

92
Q

eructation

A

belching

93
Q

hematemsis

A

vomiting blood

94
Q

diverticulum

A

pouch sac in lining of wall of tubular organ

95
Q

ileus

A

partial or complete blockage of SL and or LI

96
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic episodes of inflammation of rectum and LI

97
Q

chrones disease

A

autoimmune disorder penetrates every layer of affected area

98
Q

intestinal adhesions

A

abnormal hold of intestine that should be seperate

99
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of intestine on itsself

100
Q

amebic dysentary

A

one celled parasite caused

101
Q

botulism

A

food poisoning

102
Q

e. coli

A

contaminated food not properly cooked

103
Q

salmonellosis

A

food contaminated with feces

104
Q

typhoid fever

A

eating food handled by typhoid carrier

105
Q

melena

A

tar like foul smelling stool

106
Q

hepatitis a

A

HAV- contaminated food and water

107
Q

hepatitis b

A

HBV-bloodborne disease (has vaccine)

108
Q

hepatitis c

A

HVC-bloodborne disease no vaccine present in body for years and destroy liver before symptoms appear

109
Q

hepatitis d

A

HDV-bloodborne disease only occurs with hep b

110
Q

Hepatitis e

A

HEV- contaminated food and water not common in us

111
Q

NAFLD

A

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease - accumulation of fat in liver of those who dont drink alot

112
Q

cholangitis

A

acute infection of bile duct

113
Q

gallstone

A

biliary calculus, cholelith, cholelithiasis. hard deposit formed in gallbladder and bile ducts due to concentration of bile components

114
Q

Diagnostic procedures of DS

A

CT
Abdominal ultrasound
anoscopy - rectum and anal canal exam
capsule endoscopy- tiny video camera in a capsule swallowed by patient
cholangiography- radiographic exam of bile ducts with contrast medium
esophagogastroduodenoscopy- endoscopic procedure visualizes upper GI tract
upper GI series- radiographic study of DS with contrast medium
Hemoccult test- lab test for hidden blood in stool

115
Q

endoscopic procedures (endoscope used for visual exam of internal structures)

A

colonoscopy

sigmoidoscopy

116
Q

enema

A

solution placed in rectum and colon to empty lower intestine through bowel activity

117
Q

palatoplasty

A

surgical repair of cleft lip or palate

118
Q

medications of DS issues

A

antacids- neutralize acid
acid reducer-
antiemetic- prevent relieve nausea and vomiting
laxatives- stimulate bowel movement
ORT- oral rehydration therapy- electrolytes administered in liquid preperation.

119
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

feeding tube through nose into stomach

120
Q

gastrostomy

A

feeding tube surgically placed from exterior to stomach

121
Q

total parenteral nutrition

A

intravenous nutrition for 10-12 hours

122
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical connection between two hollow tubular structures

123
Q

ostomy

A

surgical opening between organ and body surface

124
Q

stoma

A

artificial opening created by ostomy

125
Q

choledocholithotomy

A

removal of gall stones

Medical Terminology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions