Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 20 > Chapter 8: Circulation and Immunity > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Circulation and Immunity Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Circulatory System

A

The transportation system. It is made of three main components: the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Atria

A

The two top chambers that fill with blood returning either from the body or the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ventricles

A

The two bottom chambers; they receive blood from the atria and pump it out to either the body or the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Septum

A

Thick muscular wall that separates the atria and ventricles from one another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vena Cavea

A

Two large vessels that deliver oxygen-poor blood to the right side of the heart. The superior vena cava collects oxygen poor- blood from tissues in the head, chest and arms. The inferior vena cava collects oxygen-poor blood coming from tissues from elsewhere in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A

From the right ventricle oxygen-poor blood is sent through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs for gas exchange.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A

Oxygen rich blood flows from the lungs through the pulmonary veins to the left atria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Aorta

A

From the left ventricle all the blood going to the body tissues leaves through the Aorta.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Valves

A

The doorways that ensure that blood flows in the correct direction. The atrioventricular vale on the right side is called the tricuspid and the atrioventricular valve on the left side is called the bicuspid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arteries

A

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Veins

A

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood toward the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Capillaries

A

The smallest blood vessels where gases, nutrients, and other materials are transferred to tissue cells and wastes including gases move into the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

A

A bundle of specialized muscle tissue found in the wall of the right atrium that stimulate cardiac muscle cells to contract and relax rhythmically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

A

A bundle of specialized muscle tissue located in the wall of the right atrium; receives electrical stimulus from the SA node and transmits the impulse over the walls of the ventricles to stat their contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Blood Pressure

A

The pressure blood exerts against the vessel walls as it passes through.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Systolic Pressure

A

The maximum pressure during the ventricular contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diastolic Pressure

A

The lowest pressure before the ventricles contract again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pulmonary Pathway

A

The pathway that transports oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Systemic Pathway

A

The pathway that moves the oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the body tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Coronary Pathway

A

Provides blood to the muscle tissue of the heart itself.

21
Q

Plasma

A

The fluid portion of the blood.

22
Q

Formed Portion

A

The solid portion of the blood. Consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

23
Q

Red Blood Cells or Erythrocyte

A

The blood cell that contains the respiratory protein hemoglobin and is specialized for oxygen transport.

24
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Found in red blood cells, contains iron and carries oxygen.

25
Q

White Blood Cells or Leucocytes

A

Colourless blood cell that protects the body from infection by way of the immune response and plays a role in allergic reactions and inflammation.

26
Q

Platelets

A

Fragments of cells that form when larger cells in the bone marrow break apart. Play a key role in blood clotting.

27
Q

Vasodilation

A

Expansion of the blood vessels. Vasodilation near the skin brings more blood to the surface to help reduce body temperature.

28
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

A decrease in the diameter of the blood vessels. Vasoconstriction near the skin converses body heat.

29
Q

Interstitial Fluid

A

Fluid that surrounds all cells in the body.

30
Q

Hemophilia

A

A life threatening disorder that results from insufficient clotting proteins in the blood.

31
Q

Leukemia

A

Cancer of the white blood cells. Two main types are myeloid and lymphoid.

32
Q

Lymphatic Circulatory System

A

A network of vessels with associated glands and nodes that extend throughout the body.

33
Q

Lymph

A

Interstitial fluid that is carried throughout the body in the lymphatic system.

34
Q

Non-specific Defences or Cell Mediated Immunity

A

Non-specific component of the immune system that involves the activation of white blood cells (macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes) rather than the production of antibodies.

35
Q

Phagocytosis

A

The process by which a cell ingests another cell.

36
Q

Macrophages

A

White blood cell that that develops from a monocyte and does phagocytosis.

37
Q

Immunity

A

How the body protects itself from foreign substances by using antibodies to recognize and destroy the foreign substances. Foreign substances are disease causing agents and such.

38
Q

Specific Defences or Antibody-mediated Immunity

A

Part of the immune system that activates lymphocytes and the release of antibodies to fight specific antigens.

39
Q

Antibodies

A

Proteins that recognize recognize foreign substances in the body and neutralize or destroy them.

40
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Type of white blood cell involved in specific and nonspecific defence. Two types are B and T cells.

41
Q

B Cells

A

Lymphocyte that is activated by a specific antigen to produce memory B cells and plasma cells.

42
Q

T Cells

A

Lymphocyte that is primarily responsible for specific defence. Activates immune cells, destroys invading pathogens, suppression of cellular immunity, promotes immune response upon reinfection.

43
Q

Antigens

A

Molecule found on the surface of cells and pathogens. Used to ID.

44
Q

Helper T Cells

A

Upon recognizing an antigen gives off chemical signals that stimulate certain immune cells.

45
Q

Killer T Cells

A

Binds with infected cells and destroys them by puncturing a hole in their membrane.

46
Q

Suppressor T Cell

A

Slows the immune response to ensure that healthy tissues are not destroyed.

47
Q

Memory T Cell

A

Carries receptors for specific antigens that have been encountered before.

48
Q

ABO System

A

Classification system for blood. The presence or absence of type A or B antigens on red blood cells determines the type.

49
Q

Rh Factor

A

Group of antigens found in most red blood cells. With Rh is + without is -.

Bio 20 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions