chapter 8 and 9 - test 2 Flashcards
how does mood shape symptom recognition?
people who are in a good mood or who have positive expectations rate themselves as more healthy, report fewer illness-related memories, and report fewer symptoms
how does attention shape symptoms recognition?
people who are focused on themselves (their bodies, their emotions, and their reactions in general) are quicker to notice symptoms than are people who are focused externally, on their environment and activities
how does medical student syndrome shape symptom recognition?
studying the symptoms leads the students to focus on their own fatigue and other internal states
how does hypochondriasis shape symptom recognition?
convinced that normal bodily symptoms are indicators of illness
what is the commonsense model of illness?
argues that people hold implicit commonsense beliefs about their symptoms and illnesses that result in organized illness representations or schemas
help-seeking / healthcare use by age
used by the very young and very elderly most frequently
help-seeking / healthcare use by gender
women use healthcare services more than men do (pregnancy, childbirth, etc)
help-seeking/healthcare by social class
lower social class is usually less likely to use medical services
examples of healthcare misuse
using health services for emotional disturbances
delay behavior
secondary gains
the ability to rest, to be freed from unpleasant tasks, to be cared for by others, and to take time off from work
malingering
the intentional fabrication or exaggeration of physical or psychological symptoms to achieve a specific external benefit or gain
patient consumerism
emphasizes the patient as a consumer, making informed decisions about their care based on cost, quality, and convenience
colleague orientation
when the patient is no longer paying directly for service and the provider’s income is not directly affected by whether the patient is pleased with service
use of jargon and faulty communication
jargon-filled explanations may be used to keep the patient from asking too many questions or from discovering that the provider actually is not certain what the patient’s problem is
use of baby talk - faulty communication
practitioners may underestimate what their patients will understand about illness and then resort to baby talk and simplistic explanations
use of nonperson treatment - faulty communication
treating the patient like they aren’t a person or like they aren’t even there
stereotypes of patients
negative stereotypes of patients may contribute to poor communication
less information, less support, less proficient performance
what characteristics of patient behavior may harm their healthcare experience?
exaggerate symptoms
lack of intelligence
poor cognitive functioning
limited prior experience
nonadherence
when patients do not adopt the behaviors and treatments their providers recommend
estimates of nonadherence vary from a low of _____ percent to a staggering high of ____ percent.
15, 93
averaging across all treatment regimens, nonadherence to treatment recommendations is about _____ percent
26
interventions to increase information in hospital settings
adjustment to hospitalization and to stressful medical procedures such as surgery in adults and children
