Chapter 8 and 12 Review Flashcards
During this phase of Interphase, the DNA duplication/replication takes place
Synthesis phase
The narrow “waist” of the duplicated chromosome, where the two chromatids are most closely attached is called __________________
Centromere
During this phase of Mitosis, the chromatin condenses to form chromosomes
Prophase
During this phases of Mitosis two identical nuclei are formed around the identical sets of chromosomes
Telophase
Binary fission happens in this type of organisms
Prokaryotic
Cell plate formation and cleavage furrowing are examples of?
Cytokinesis
Cell plate formation takes place in?
Plant cell
Cleavage furrow takes place in?
Animal cell
A complex of DNA and protein is called?
Chromatin
Name the two steps of cell cycle
Interphase and Mitotic phase
Development from a fertilized cell
Growth
Repair and maintenance
Key roles of cell division
DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into?
Chromosomes
These cells have two sets of chromosomes
Somatic (non reproductive) cells
In this phase the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell
Metaphase
In this phase daughter chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell
Anaphase
DNA is wrapped around which protein?
Histones
Which phase of the cell cycle takes 90% of the entire time required for cell division?
Interphase
What are the two laws of thermodynamics?
- Energy in the universe is constant
2. Energy conversions increase the disorder
What are the components of ATP a
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
This is where enzyme interacts with its substrate
Active site
A target molecule of an enzyme
Substrate
Non protein helpers of enzymes
Cofactors (inorganic)
Coenzymes (organic)
These inhibitors compete for enzyme’s active site and block substrates from entering active site
Competitive inhibitors
These inhibitors bind at allosteric sites, change shape of the enzyme
Noncompetitive inhibitors
Zn, Fe, or Cu are examples of
Cofactors
Vitamins, organic molecules are examples of
Coenzymes
Energy of motion
Kinetic energy
Energy as a result of its location
Potential energy
The capacity to do work?
Energy
Reaction that releases energy
Exergonic reaction
Cellular respiration is an example of?
Exergonic reaction
Requires an input of energy and yields products rich in potential energy
Endergonic reaction
Photosynthesis is an example of?
Endergonic reaction
