Chapter 7 Quiz Review Flashcards
How does steroid (CHOLESTROL) effect membrane at cooler & warmer temperature?
At warm temperature cholesterol restrains movement of phospholipids and at cool temperatures it maintains fluidity by preventing tight packing
Integral proteins that span the membrane
Transmembrane proteins
When molecules move down their conc. gradient without involving ATP, the process is called…
Passive transport
When water moves across selectively permeable membrane from a region of lower to a higher solute concentration, the process is called……………………
Osmosis
Diffusion of water is called………………
Osmosis
What is the normal tonic condition for a plant cell?
Hypotonic
An animal cell immersed in hypertonic solution will…….
crenate(shrivel)
The channel protein that facilitates diffusion of water is called…..
Aquaporins
Give an example of a pump that requires active transport system
Sodium/Potassium pump
Vesicles are involved in what type of transport?
Bulk transport
Cellular drinking is another name for…..
Pinocytosis
Binding of ligands to receptors trigger vesicle formation in what kind of Bulk transport?
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
What are the 3 types of Endocytosis
Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, and Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the help of carrier proteins
Carrier mediated diffusion
Give an example of carrier mediate diffusion
Glucose
Proteins that penetrate the hydrophobic core
Integral proteins
What is the function of Glycolipid and Glycoprotein on Plasma membrane
Glycolipids ad Glycoproteins help in cell to cell recognition
Allowing some substances to cross it more easily that others
Selective permeability
Molecules containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions?
Amphipathic molecules
Proteins that are bound to the surface of the membrane
Peripheral proteins
Name the six major functions of membrane proteins
Transport Enzymatic activity Signal transduction Cell-cell recognition Intercellular joining Attachment to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM)
Proteins that allow passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane
Transport proteins
Proteins that have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel
Channel proteins
Proteins that bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the membrane
Carrier proteins
The difference in concentration of a substance from one area to another
Concentration gradient
The ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water
Tonicity
A solution in which solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell and no net movement of water across the plasma membrane
Isotonic solution
A solution in which solute concentration is greater outside the cell; cell loses water
Hypertonic solution
A solution in which solute concentration is greater inside the cell; cell gains water
Hypotonic solution
The control of water balance
Osmoregulation
Swelled plant cell
Turgid
Plant cell in isotonic solution
Flaccid
Plant cell in hypertonic solution
plasmolysis
In what kind of diffusion does transport proteins speed the passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
What kind of proteins provide corridors that allow a specific molecule or ion to cross the membrane?
Channel proteins
Name an example of a disease caused by malfunctions I specific transport systems (FROM POWERPOINT)
Cystinuria
In what kind of transport does the transport vesicles migrate to the membrane, fuse with it, and release their contents?
Exocytosis
In what kind of transport doe the cell takes in macromolecules by forming vesicles from the plasma membrane?
Endocytosis
In what kind of transport does a cell engulf a particle in a vacuole?
Phagocytosis
In what kind of transport does the molecules are taken up when extracellular fluid is “gulped” into tiny vesicles?
Pinocytosis
Any molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule
Ligand
