Chapter 8 ABA Term Flashcards
Absolute stimulus control.
When operants are regulated by the physical properties of one stimulus (e.g., color or hue)
Behavioral contrast.
Refers to an inverse relationship between the response rates for two components of a multiple schedule – as one goes up, the other goes down.
Controlling Stimulus (S).
Any stimulus or event that changes the probability of operant behavior. There are three kinds of controlling stimuli: SD, SΔ, and Save.
Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO).
Reinforcement for any behavior other than a target operant
Differential Response.
When an organism makes a response in one situation but not in another
Discrimination.
When an organism makes a differential response to two or more stimuli (or events)
Discriminative Stimulus (SD).
An event or stimulus that precedes an operant and sets the occasion for operant behavior
Extinction stimulus (SΔ).
A stimulus that sets the occasion for a decrease in operant responses.
Generalization.
Occurs when an organism responds to values of the SD (or fewer responses to the SΔ) that were not trained during acquisition.
Multiple Schedule.
Two or more basic schedules (CRF, FR, FI, VI, VR) presented sequentially; the component schedules are signaled by discriminative stimuli
Relative stimulus control.
The responding of an organism to differences between two or more stimuli.
Response chaining.
Sequence of discriminative stimuli and responses in which each response produces a change in the stimulus controlling behavior. Once established, each SD in the chain has two functions—as a conditioned reinforcer for the response that produced it, and as a discriminative stimulus for the next response in the sequence.
Stimulus control.
A change in operant behavior that occurs when either an SD or SΔ is presented. When an SD is presented, the probability of response increases, and when an SΔ is given, operant behavior has a low probability of occurrence.
Stimulus generalization.
Occurs when an operant reinforced in the presence of a specific discriminative stimulus is also emitted in the presence of other stimuli.
Superstitious behavior.
Behavior that is accidentally reinforced.
