Chapter 8&9 Review Flashcards
A lobbyist is
Organization/individual who attempts to influence the passage, defeat, or contents of legislation
What type of techniques would a corporate lobbyist be likely to use to influence politics in congress?
Issue that is narrowing slope and lower in public visibility
What is the primary function of a PAC?
Raise and give campaign donations on behalf of the organization they represent.
How do interest groups benefit individuals?
Solidary incentive, material incentive, and purposive incentive
An interest that is not recognized or represented by an interest group is a
Latent interest
A free rider is
Someone who benefits from a group w/ out joining it
The benefit a person receives from the sense of belonging he or she gets from joining a group known as a(n)
Solidary Incentive
The economist benefit a person receives from joining an interest group is known as a(n)
Material incentive
People who become members of interest groups for purposive incentives are joining
Social Movements
Most people who join American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) are doing so based upon
Free Rider Policy
People who join social movements are most likely to join because of
Purposive incentives
Pursuing the best interest of the overall community rather than the narrow interest of a particular group is known as pursuing
Public interest
According to the Fortune magazine, the two most effective interest groups in the country are
National Rifle Association (NRA) and AARP
The most numerous types of interest groups in the United States are
Economic interest groups
American farmers and their workers represent approximately two percent of the U.S. population. This fact supports the proposition that
Even a small % of the populace can be effective if they organize
Corporate lobbyist will try to influence what types of groups/people?
Legislative
How are the “poor” represented by interest groups?
They depend largely on indirect representation, some of the poor don’t even know what party represents them
The National Audubon Society and the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) are examples of
Interest groups who focus on the preservation of the environment
How do interest groups and political parties both promote U.S. Democracy?
Link citizens to the political process
How does the unit rule work?
All of a states electoral vote are cast for the Presidential candidate recovering a plurality of the popular vote in that state
The rule of unions in American society has _______ in recent decades.
Declined or shrunk
Successful interest groups and their representatives try to cultivate long-term relationships with
Legislators and government officials
Groups recognize that the greatest concern of legislators is to
Be re-elected
Traditionally, labor unions such as the AFL-CIO, support which political party(ies)?
Democratic candidates
The use of public relations techniques to create favorable public opinion toward an interest group, industry, or corporation is known as
Climate control
Most interest groups have a(n) ______ bias.
Middle or upperclass
Who tends to benefit the most from interest group activities?
Better educated, middle or upperclass
Interest groups often hire former government or former members of Congress as lobbyists because
They cannot be effective if they don’t hire these people
What groups make up the iron triangle?
Bureaucratic agency, legislative committee, and interest groups
What type of political alignments have been occurring in recent years?
Decrease in both parties, moderate party rise
An example of a(n) ________ benefit would be the AARP provides discounts, automobile insurance, and organized travel opportunities for its members.
Material incentive
A voter or a candidate who does not identify with a political party is called a(n)
Independent
A political party is a group of individuals who
Organize to win elections, operate gov, and determine political policy
A political party differs from an interest group in that
Political parties want to run for office and operate the gov while interest groups do not
Today, a faction is
A sub party of a political party.
Group/bloc in legislation in pursuit of some special interest or position
The ______ emerged I the 1850’s as an antislavery party and consisted of former northern Whigs and antislavery Democrats
Republican Party
A political system in which only two parts have a reasonable chance of winning is called
Two party system
The first partisan political division in the US was between the
Federalist and the Antifederalist
The presidential election of 1912 was unique because
There were 3 significant contenders for President
What did the party system look like by the election of 2000?
Majority Republican
During the half-century, the democrats have been known as the party of
Working class, racial, and ethic minorities
During the half-century, the Republicans have been known as the party of
Business
The members of the general public who identify with a political are known as
Party in the Electorate
The elected and appointed officials who identify with a political party are known as
Party in Gov
The leadership of a political party are part of
Party organization
A situation in which one major political controls the presidency and the other controls the chambers of Congress is known as
Divided gov
Voting for candidates of two or more parties for different offices is known as
Ticket splitting
The group of people that officially elect the president and the Vice President of the US is known as
Electoral College
The process in which a substantial group of voters switches party allegiance, producing a long-term change in the political landscape is known as
Realignment
