Chapter 8/9 Flashcards
Heterotroph
Obtains Food by consuming other living things
Chloroplast
Makes plants green, turns sunlight into energy
Mitochondria
In respiration
converts chemical energy stored in food to sugar for the cells
Aerobic
Using oxygen
Anaerobic
Without oxygen
Growth compared to temperature
0° no growth
HOT is no growth
if the heat is up, but less than 100°, the growth will be up
How does sunlight affect plant growth
Plants need sunlight. (It’s a reactant)
It has to be in a set temp. (Not to hot or to cold). If it is in this temp, growth will occur
What affects plant growth
No water
Sun
No CO2
How do I get energy from ATP
Remove phosphate (becomes ADP)
Autotroph
Produces its own sugar
Where does photosynthesis take place
Chloroplast
Where does the electron transport system take place
Photosynthesis
The thylakoid
What does the electron transport system make (photosynthesis)
NADPH and ATP
What does the electron transport system need (photosynthesis)
Hydrogen and NADP
Where does the Calvin cycle take place
Stroma
What does the Calvin cycle make
sugar (adp and nadp)
What does the Calvin cycle need
ATP and NADPH
What goes into the thylakoid
Light
H2O
What does the thylakoid make
Oxygen and ATP and NADPH
Food molecules contain
Chemical energy
Energy stored in food is a
Calorie
Something from kahoots about calories
4 Calories
Where do plants store sugar in the winter
Branches and roots
What are the stages of cellular respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
electron transport
Where does glycolysis take place
In the cytoplasm
Where does the Krebs cycle take place
In the mitochondria
Where does the electron transport take place (respiration)
In the mitochondria
Soreness
Lactic acid
Fermentation
You made energy without oxygen
Mitochondria needs
Oxygen
Net gain throughout an ATP molecule is
36
NADH goes to the
The electron transport chain
The electron transport system makes (respiration)
H2O
Glycolysis
Breaks sugar down
Glycolysis does not need
Oxygen
GLYCOLYSIS
Sugar goes in
2 ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvic acid
come out
KREB CYCLE
Pyruvic acid goes in
takes away a carbon and makes NADH does this two more times
NADH goes to the electron transport system
then you get ATP
next FADAH2 is made and goes to the electron transport chain
What does out of the Krebs cycle
CO2
NADH
FADH2
What are three parts of an ATP molecule
Adenine
ribosome
three phosphate groups
What is an example of an organism that makes it’s own food using light energy from the sun
Oak
What happens during photosynthesis
Autotroph’s produce carbohydrates
Plants gather energy with light absorbing molecules called
Pigments
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll does not
Absorb Green light
The stroma is the region outside the
Thylakoid
Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found
In the thylakoid membrane
What happens when chlorophyll is struck by sunlight
The electrons in a chlorophyll molecule become energized
What is the role of NADP in photosynthesis
Electron carrier
What are the products of the light dependent reactions
ATP
NADPH
oxygen gas
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
Food molecules
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration
Glucose and oxygen
Photosynthesis removes _____ from the atmosphere and cellular respiration __________
Carbon dioxide
Puts it back
Cellular respiration occurs in
All eukaryotic cells
The products of photosynthesis are the
Reactants of cellular respiration
The starting molecule for glycolysis is
Glucose
What is another electron carrier for cellular respiration
NAD+
The starting molecule for the krebs cycle is
Pyruvic acid
The kreb cycle does not occur if
Oxygen is not present
What passes high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain
NADH and FADH2
Cellular respiration uses one molecule glucose to produce approximately
36 ATP molecules
When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds it generates ATP by carrying out
Cellular respiration
