Chapter 8

Question 1

acid dissociation constant, Ka

Answer 1

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of an acid, HA, with water.

Question 2

base hydrolysis constant, Kb

Answer 2

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of a base, B, with water.

Question 3

buffer

Answer 3

A mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base. A buffered solution is one that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Question 4

buffer capacity

Answer 4

A measure of the ability of a buffer to resist changes in pH. The larger the buffer capacity, the greater the resistance to pH change. Also called buffer intensity.

Question 5

conjugate acid-base pair

Answer 5

An acid and a base that differ only through the gain or loss of a single proton.

Question 6

strong acids and bases

Answer 6

Those that are completely dissociated (to H+ or OH-) in water.

Question 7

weak acids and bases

Answer 7

Those whose dissociation constants are not large.

Question 8

weak electrolyte

Answer 8

One that only partly dissociates into ions when it dissolves.