Chapter 2 Flashcards
absorption
Occurs when a substance is taken up inside another.
acid wash
Procedure in which glassware is soaked in 3-6 M HCl for >1 h (followed by rinsing well with distilled water and soaking in distilled water) to remove traces of cations adsorbed on the surface of the glass and to replace them with H+.
adsorption
Occurs when a substance becomes attached to the surface of another substance.
ash-less filter paper
Specially treated paper that leaves a negligible residue after ignition. It is used for gravimetric analysis.
buoyancy
Upward force exerted on an object in a liquid or gaseous fluid. An object weighed in air appears lighter than its actual mass by an amount equal to the mass of air that it displaces.
buret
A calibrated glass tube with a stopcock at the bottom. Used to deliver known volumes of liquid.
calibration
Process of relating the actual physical quantity(such as mass, volume, force, or electric current) to the quantity indicated on the scale of an instrument.
desiccant
A drying agent.
desiccator
A sealed chamber in which samples can be dried in the presence of a desiccant or by vacuum pumping or both.
filtrate
Liquid that passes through a filter.
green chemistry
Principles intended to change our behavior in a manner that will help sustain the habitability of Earth. Green chemistry seeks to design chemical products and processes to reduce the use of resources and energy and the generation of hazardous waste.
hygroscopic
Readily picks up water from the atmosphere.
ignition
The heating to high temperature of some gravimetric precipitates to convert them into a known, constant composition that can be weighed.
meniscus
Curved surface of a liquid.
mother liquor
Solution from which a substance has crystallized or precipitated.