Chapter 8

Question 1

My Plate

Answer 1

Describes the nutritional needs for individuals as they age.

Question 2

Complete Protein

Answer 2

Comes from animal sources and contains essential and nonessential amino acids.

Question 3

Incomplete Protein

Answer 3

Comes from plant sources, but plants do not include both essential and nonessential amino acids.

Question 4

Major Minerals

Answer 4

• needed in greater amounts
• essential for the body
• Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, chloride, and potassium

Question 5

Minor Minerals

Answer 5

• trace minerals
• essential for the body
• iron, zinc, iodine, and flouride

Question 6

Common reasons for older adults lose weight

Answer 6

• Changes in health
• Prolonged illness
• Metabolic changes that affect food absorption, digestion, or elimination
• Difficulty chewing and swallowing
• Inability to self feed or even see the food
• Depression
• Food does not taste good
• The older adult may not be able to purchase, prepare, or eat the food

Question 7

Four Basic causes for electrolyte imbalance

Answer 7

• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Excessive Perspiration
• Urination

Question 8

Benefits of Folate

Answer 8

• Reduces risk of Alzheimer’s disease
• Reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in women by 50%
• Forms body cells and hemoglobin

Question 9

Most prevalent mineral in the body

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

Determining factors for fluid/water intake for the older adult

Answer 10

-Gender
-Age
-Chronic Diseases
-Physical Activity
-Metabolic activity
-Heat exposure
(Older adults are at risk for dehydration because they often neglect drinking adequate amounts of fluids during the day)

Question 11

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Answer 11

Each food group is necessary to maintain and repair the body during health and illness

Question 12

It is important for old people to eat a variety of foods with Carbohydrates, Proteins, and fats

Answer 12

To ensure that the body can maintain and repair itself

Question 13

Vitamins

Answer 13

Help build, maintain and repair the body

Question 14

Therapeutic Diets

Answer 14

May be ordered for people who need tailored nutritional choices. May need more or fewer calories. May need some dietary restrictions.
Ex. Low sodium diet for a person with hypertension

Question 15

Factors that determine a need for added protein for maintenance and body repair in older adults diet

Answer 15

• Age
• Gender
• Chronic Diseases
• Fevers
• Infections
• Surgery
• Traumatic injury

Question 16

Mastication

Answer 16

Chewing

Question 17

Deglutition

Answer 17

Swallowing