Chapter 8

Question 1

activation record

Answer 1

the data structure that composes a call stack

Question 2

argument

Answer 2

a value that can be passed to the function to be used as input information

Question 3

argument passing

Answer 3

passing information from calling function to the called function

Question 4

call stack

Answer 4

a data structure that grows and shrinks at one end according to the rule “last in, first out”

Question 5

class scope

Answer 5

the area of text within a class

Question 6

declaration

Answer 6

a statement that introduces a name into a scope specifyind a type for what is named; optionally, specifying an initializer (value or function body)

Question 7

definition

Answer 7

a declaration that fully specifies the entity declared

Question 8

extern

Answer 8

keyword states that declaration of the following variable isn’t a definition

Question 9

statement scope

Answer 9

e.g. in a for-statement

Question 10

function

Answer 10

named sequence of statements

Question 11

return

Answer 11

returns a value from a function

Question 12

global scope

Answer 12

the area of text outside any other scope

Question 13

pass-by-const-reference

Answer 13

give a function a reference (address) to the actual value and forbid to change it

Question 14

initializer

Answer 14

an initializer value or a function body

Question 15

pass-by-reference

Answer 15

a function operate directly on any object to which we pass a reference

Question 16

namespace

Answer 16

organizes classes, functions, classes and types into an identifiable and named part of a program without defining a type

Question 17

nested block

Answer 17

blocks within functions and other blocks

Question 18

undeclared identifier

Answer 18

a variable or a function name without declaration

Question 19

using declaration

Answer 19

“using std::string” = sting means std::string; by default the mentioned member name is used from this namespace

Question 20

using directive

Answer 20

make names from mentioned namespace directly accessible

Question 21

forward declaration

Answer 21

a declaration of an identifier for which the programmer has not yet given a definition

Question 22

function definition

Answer 22

supplies the function body

Question 23

header file

Answer 23

a file that contains a collection of declarations

Question 24

initializer

Answer 24

an initializer value or a function body

Question 25

local scope

Answer 25

between braces of a block or in a function argument list

Question 26

namespace scope

Answer 26

a named scope nested in a global scope or another namespace

Question 27

parameter

Answer 27

an argument of a function

Question 28

pass-by-value

Answer 28

give a function a copy of the value passed

Question 29

recursion

Answer 29

a function that directly or indirectly calls itself

Question 30

scope

Answer 30

a region of a program text

Question 31

technicalities

Answer 31

a language technical issues