Chapter 8 Flashcards
Centration
In Piaget’s theory, the tendency of the child to focus on only one aspect of the problem
Concrete Operational Stage
In Piaget’s theory, the theirs stage of development, from approximately seven to eleven years of age, in which thought is logical when stimuli are physically present
Core Knowledge Theory
The idea that infants possess innate knowledge of certain properties of objects, as well as other basic concepts
Episodic Memory
Memory for events that took place at a specific time and place
Executive Function
Portion of the information-processing system that coordinates various component processes in order to achieve some goal
Explicit Memory
Conscious recollection of a past event or experience
Formal Operational Stage
In Piaget’s theory, the last stage of development, from approximately eleven to fifteen years of age, in which thought is abstract and hypothetical
Implicit Memory
Nonconscious recollections of how to do something behaviorally
Memory Span
Number of stimulus items that can be recalled after a brief interval of time
Memory Strategy
Mental activity, such as rehearsal that enhances memory performance
Metamemory
The child’s understanding of his own memory
Multistore Model
Information processing that describes a sequence of mental structures through which information flows
Operation
In Piaget’s theory, a mental action such as reversibility
Preoperational Stage
In Piaget’s theory, the second stage of development, from approximately two to seven years of age, in which thought becomes symbolic in form
Recall Memory
Ability to reproduce stimuli that one has previously encountered
Recognition Memory
Ability to identify whether a stimulus has previously been encountered
Semantic Memory
Memory for general concepts or facts
Sensorimotor Stage
In Piaget’s theory, the first stage of development, from birth to two years, in which thought is based primarily on the action
Sensory Register
Memory store that holds information for very brief periods of time in a form that closely resembles the initial input
Transfer
The ability to apply the solution to one problem in other similar problems
Working Memory
Short-term memory store in which mental operations such as rehearsal and categorizations take place
Zone of Proximal Development
Range of various kinds of support and assistance provided by an expert who helps children to carry out activities they cannot complete but will later be able to accomplish independently.
A-Not-B Error
Error that an infant makes when an object is hidden in location A, found by the infant, and then, in full view of the infant, moved to location B
