Chapter 8

Question 1

energy levels and sublevels fill from lowest energy to high..

Answer 1

Aufbau Principle

Question 2

no more than two electrons per orbital..

Answer 2

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 3

when filling orbitals that have the same energy, place one electron in each orbital pointed in the same direction before completing pairs..

Answer 3

Hund’s rule

Question 4

the electrons in all the sublevels with the highest principal energy shell are called…

Answer 4

Valence Electrons

Question 5

electrons in lower energy shells are called…

Answer 5

Core Electrons

Question 6

one of the most important way an atom behaves, both chemically and physically, is..

Answer 6

Number of Valence Electrons

Question 7

electron configurations that have unpaired electrons mean that the atom or ion will be..

Answer 7

Paramagnetic

Question 8

electron configurations that have all paired electrons mean that the atom or ion will be..

Answer 8

Diamagnetic

Question 9

most elements are not present in the “world” as single, isolated atoms…

Answer 9

Atomic Radii

Question 10

___ decreases as you move from left to right. this is due to the increase in __ charge experienced by the outermost electrons.

Answer 10

Atomic radius & effective nuclear

Question 11

removing electrons to make cations decreases the radius

Answer 11

cationic radii

Question 12

adding electrons to make anions increases the radius

Answer 12

anionic radii

Question 13

___ energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion

Answer 13

Ionization

Question 14

the larger the effective ___ charge on the electron, the more energy it takes to remove it

Answer 14

nuclear

Question 15

first IE generally ___ across the period

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

first IE ___ down the group

Answer 16

decreases

Question 17

__ is released when an neutral atom gains an electron

Answer 17

energy

Question 18

___ is defined as exothermic (-), but may actually be endothermic (+)

Answer 18

electron affinity

Question 19

the more __ that is released, the larger the electron affinity

Answer 19

energy

Question 20

___ generally have “greater” electron affinities than metals

Answer 20

Non-metals

Question 21

“generally” __ across period

Answer 21

increases

Question 22

highest EA in any period =

Answer 22

halogen