Chapter 8 Flashcards
temperature
a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
thermal expansion
an increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance
absolute zero
the temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum
heat
the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
thermal energy
the kinetic energy of a substances atoms
thermal conduction
is the property of a material to conduct heat
thermal conductor
s the property of a material to conduct heat
thermal insulator
is the reduction of heat transfer between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence
convection
the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat
radiation
the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization
specific heat
the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount
states of matter
is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
change of state
a change from one state to another without a change in chemical composition
insulation
the state of being insulated
heat engine
a device for producing motive power from heat, such as a gasoline engine or steam engine
