Chapter 8 Flashcards
Atoms lose electrons so that ______ has a noble gas outer electrons configuration
Cation
Atoms gain electrons so that ____ has a noble gas outer electrons configuration
Anions
Have the same number of electrons and hence the same ground state electron configuration
Isoelectronic
When a cation is formed from a atom of a transition metal, electrons are always removed first from the ______ and from the ________
ns orbital
n-1
Fe [Ar] 4s^2 3d^6
Fe^3+ ?
[Ar] 3d^5
Positive charge felt by an electron
Effective nuclear charge (Zeff)
More effective nuclear charge
Smaller the charge
Increase right to left
Increases going down a group
Measuring distance between nuclear
Atomic radii
Cation is always _____ than atom from which it is found
Smaller
Minimum energy (KJ/mol) required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state
Ionization energy
Ionization energy trend
Increasing going up and increasing to the Nobel gases
The negative of the energy change that occurs when an electron is accepted by a atom in the gaseous state to form an anion
Electron affinity
Electron affinity trend
Increasing toward 8A
Increasing up groups
Reactivity trend
Most reactive metal : Cs
Increasing going down and toward alkali metals
HALOGENS: Increasing toward Nobel gases, and up towards F
F is the most reactive element
Can Nobel gases react?
Yes
