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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

process of providing nutrition for the body

A

alimentation

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2
Q

oral intake of substances in the body

A

ingestion

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3
Q

mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that can eventually be absorbed by cells.

A

digestion

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4
Q

process in which digested food molecules pass through the lining of the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries.

A

absorption

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5
Q

removal of undigested food particles

A

elimination

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6
Q

elimination of wastes through anus in form of feces

A

defecation

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7
Q

enzyme that breaks down starch

A

amylase

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8
Q

enzyme that breaks down protein

A

protease/proteinase

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9
Q

breaks down lipids

A

lipase

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10
Q

-ation

A

action/process

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11
Q

bil/i, chol/e

A

bile

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12
Q

cirrh/o

A

orange-yellow

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13
Q

de-

A

down, from, reversing, or removing

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14
Q

glycos/o

A

sugar

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15
Q

-orexia

A

appetite

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16
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion

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17
Q

vag/o

A

vagus nerve

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18
Q

viscer/o

A

viscera

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19
Q

digestive tract, starting at mouth and ending at the anus

A

alimentary canal

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20
Q

cheil/o

A

lips

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21
Q

dent/i, dent/o, odont/o

A

teeth

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22
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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23
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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24
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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25
Q

esophago/o

A

esophagus

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26
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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27
Q

intestin/o, enter/o

A

intestines

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28
Q

divisions of the small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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29
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon, large intestine

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30
Q

append/o, appendic/o

A

appendix

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31
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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32
Q

pertaining to the gums

A

gingiva

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33
Q

under the tongue

A

hypoglassal/sublingual

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34
Q

lower jaw

A

mandibular arch

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35
Q

teeth of the lower jaw

A

incisors, cuspids, bicuspids, molars

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36
Q

diagnosis and treatment of diseases of dental pulp, tooth root and surrounding tissues and in practice of root canal therapy

A

endodontics

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37
Q

diagnosis and tx of problems with tooth alignment and associated facial problems

A

orthodontics

38
Q

devoted to the care of children’s teeth and mouth

A

predodontics

39
Q

tissue that supports the teeth and keeps them firmly anchored

A

periodontium

40
Q

pain of the stomach

A

gastralgia/gastrodynia

41
Q

large intestine sections

A

cecum, colon, rectum

42
Q

study of the stomach, intestines, associated structures

A

gastroenterology

43
Q

pertaining to interior of stomach

A

endogastric

44
Q

enteral

A

pertaining to small intestine

45
Q

pertaining to the gallbladder

A

cholecystic

46
Q

pertaining to the common bile duct

A

choledochal

47
Q

liver

A

hepat/o

48
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

49
Q

sial/o

A

salivary gland

50
Q

breaks down fat before absorption, produced in the gallbladder, transported to SI

A

bile

51
Q

pathway for bile flow from liver to bile duct and into duodenum

A

biliary tract

52
Q

biliary calculus

A

gallstone

53
Q

stones in gallbladder

A

cholelithiasis

54
Q

pancreatic stone

A

pancreatolithiasis

55
Q

injecting radiopaque substances to study salivary ducts, can demonstrate presence of calculi in the ducts

A

sialography

56
Q

endoscopy of esophagus

A

esophagoscopy

57
Q

stones in common bile duct

A

choledocolithiasis

58
Q

excessive hunger and uncontrolled eating

A

polyphagia

59
Q

excessive urination

A

polyuria

60
Q

urine containing glucose

A

glycosuria

61
Q

excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition

A

emaciation

62
Q

improper absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream from the intestines

A

malabsorption

63
Q

inflammation of bile ducts

A

cholangitis

64
Q

presence of salivary stone

A

sialolithiasis

65
Q

poor digestion

A

dyspepsia

66
Q

inflammation of peritoneum

A

peritonitis

67
Q

inflammation of the lips

A

cheilitis

68
Q

inflammation of the mouth

A

stomatitis

69
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

70
Q

inflammation of stomach

A

gastritis

71
Q

herniation of the stomach

A

gastrocele

72
Q

inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract

A

gastroenteritis

73
Q

inflammation of the colon

A

colitis

74
Q

inflammation of diverticulum in the intestinal tract, esp in the colon

A

diverticulectomy

75
Q

stoppage or delay in passage of food through intestine

A

enterostasis

76
Q

formation or presence of gallstones in gallbladder or common bile duct

A

cholelithiasis

77
Q

stoppage of bile excretion

A

cholestasis

78
Q

inflammation of stomach and intestine tract

A

gastroenteritis

79
Q

endoscopic inspection of the stomach

A

gastroscopy

80
Q

appetite suppressing drug

A

anorexiant

81
Q

removal of gallstones

A

lithotripsy

82
Q

surgical removal of gallbladder

A

cholecystectomy

83
Q

creation of artificial anus on abdominal wall

A

colostomy

84
Q

removal of all or part of stomach

A

gastrectomy

85
Q

remaining portion of stomach joined to duodenum

A

gastroduodenostomy

86
Q

removal of hemorrhoids

A

hemorrhoidectomy

87
Q

examination of abdominal cavity through one or more incisions in abdominal wall

A

laparoscopy

88
Q

new opening into the stomach

A

gastrostomy

89
Q

incision of vagus nerve

A

vagotomy

90
Q

excision of pancreatic stone

A

pancreatolithectomy

91
Q

poor digestion

A

dyspepsia

92
Q

presence of gallstone

A

cholelithiasis

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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