chapter 8

Question 1

developers of formal and informal

Answer 1

formal - built by government or privtae developers
informal - self-built slums/squatters

Question 2

legal rights of formal and informal

Answer 2

formal - residents have legal rights to occupy the land (sense of security)
informal - residents have no legal rights to occupy land (threat of eviction)

Question 3

building materials of formal and informal

Answer 3

formal - high quality materials that are able to withstand elements like strong rain or wind (steel, concrete, bricks)
informal - poor-quality materials that are at risk of being destroyed by elements (wood, scrap metal, plastic sheets)

Question 4

basic services of formal and informal

Answer 4

formal - easy access to basic services (clean piped water, proper waste disposal)
informal - lack access to basic services and have to illegally tap on electrical grids for electricity or rely on water bodies for water supply

Question 5

distribution of formal housing

Answer 5

• found on desirable land
• good amenities, greenery and good quality infrastructure
• away from pollution
  quality infrastructure (roads, electricity and proper waste disposal)

Question 6

distribution of informal housing

Answer 6

• locally-unwanted land-use
• near landfills, sewage treatment plants and polluting industries
• near water bodies as they lack access basic sanitation and water ( rely on water to dispose waste and use for domestic purposes)
• near industrial sites as dwellers want to save on travelling time and cost by living near workplace