chapter 8

Question 1

properties of metals

Answer 1

malleable
strong and hard
can conduct electricity when solid and liquid
good thermal conductors
high melting and boiling point

Question 2

why are metals malleable

Answer 2

When a force is applied, the metal layers can slide
attractive forces between metal ions and electrons act in all directions
So when the layers slide, the metallic bonds are re-formed
The lattice is not broken and has changed shape

Question 3

what is metallic bonding

Answer 3

the electrostatic attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons.

Question 4

what does the strength of metallic bonding depend on

Answer 4

Metallic bonding is strongest when the ions are small and highly charged (greatest charge density).

Question 5

what is a transition metal

Answer 5

an element with an incomplete d-subshell or an element that can form at least one stable cation with an incomplete d-subshell

Question 6

properties of transition metals

Answer 6

good electrical conductivity and high melting points

Question 7

why do transition metals conduct electricity well

Answer 7

the 3d and 4s subshells are so close in energy, the transition metals are able to delocalise their d-electrons to form metallic bonds