chapter 10

Question 1

atomic radius down a group

Answer 1

increases ( have more electron shells)

Question 2

the larger the atomic radius

Answer 2

the larger the atom

Question 3

atomic radius across a period

Answer 3

decreases because nuclear charge increases , no significant change in shielding

Question 4

ionic radius down a group

Answer 4

increases (more electron shells)

Question 5

The ionic radii of positive ions are _______ than their atomic radii.

Answer 5

smaller

Question 6

The ionic radii of negative ions are _______ than their atomic radii.

Answer 6

greater

Question 7

what is first ionisation energy

Answer 7

the energy required to remove the outermost electron from a gaseous atom

Question 8

first ionisation energy down a group

Answer 8

decreases

Question 9

first ionisation energy across a period

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

why does first ionisation energy across a period increase

Answer 10

Across a period the nuclear charge increases so atomic radius of the atoms decrease, shielding remains fairly constant as electrons are being added to the same shell so It becomes harder to remove an electron as you move across a period

Question 11

Ionic bonds

Answer 11

transfer of electrons from a metallic element to a non-metallic element

Question 12

what is ionic bonding

Answer 12

the force of attraction between oppositely charged species / ions’

Question 13

properties of plastics

Answer 13

Low weight
Polymers are loosely packed so will be less dense and lighter
Unreactive- made from alkenes so no carbon double bonds and is non polar
Water resistant
Polymers are hydrophobic so they repel water instead of absorbing it
Strong
Polymers so are made up of many strong covalent bonds

Question 14

examples of natural polymers

Answer 14

Proteins, DNA and starch

Question 15

what is a polyester

Answer 15

a polymer, most commonly formed by the condensation polymerisation of dicarboxylic acid monomers and diol monomers
linking these monomers with ester bonds / links