Chapter 8

Question 1

The study of changes in people from conception until death

Answer 1

Human development

Question 2

The influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth, and social interactions

Answer 2

Nature

Question 3

The influence of the environment on personality, physical growth, intellectual growth, and social interactions

Answer 3

Nurture

Question 4

Molecule containing organism’s genetic material

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

Referring to a gene that actively controls expression of a trait

Answer 5

Dominant

Question 6

Referring to a gene that only influences the expression of a trait when paired with an identical gene

Answer 6

Recessive

Question 7

Cell resulting from egg-cell union

Answer 7

Zygote

Question 8

Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells , each of which develops into a separate embryo

Answer 8

Monozygotic twins

Question 9

The first two weeks after fertilization during which the zygote moves down to the uterus

Answer 9

Germinal period

Question 10

The period from two to eight weeks after fertilization, during which the major organs and structures of the organism develop

Answer 10

Embryonic Period

Question 11

Any factor that can cause a birth defect

Answer 11

Teratogen

Question 12

The understanding that concepts and mental images represent objects, people, and events

Answer 12

Object permanence

Question 13

The inability to see the world through anyone else’s eyes

Answer 13

Egocentrism

Question 14

The emotional bond between an infant and primary caregiver

Answer 14

Attachment

Question 15

Type of thought common to adolescents in which young people believe themselves to be unique and protected from harm

Answer 15

Personal fable

Question 16

Type of thought common to adolescents in which young people believe that other people are just as concerned about the adolescent’s thoughts and characteristics as they themselves are

Answer 16

Imaginary audience