chapter 8 Flashcards
context of development
a method that helps analysts to better understand how a system fits within existing business actives and data
anxious-avoidant attachment
a bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle that does not depend on the support and care of others.
anxious-resistant attachment
a form of insecure attachment where the child remains close to mother and remains distressed despite her attempts to comfort
securely attached attachment
children are not threatened by stranger
prenatal period
conception to birth & vital to child’s development
assimilation
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas
maturation
process by which abilities develop through genetically based development with limited influence from the environment
accommodation (Piaget)
adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
schemes
in Piaget’s theory, actions or mental representations that organize knowledge
Piaget theory of cognitive development
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
authoritative parenting style
parents give children reasonable demands and consistent limits, express warmth and affection, and listen to the child’s point of view
uninvolved parenting style
parents are indifferent, uninvolved, and sometimes referred to as neglectful; they don’t respond to the child’s needs and make relatively few demands
authoritarian parenting style
parents place a high value on conformity and obedience, are often rigid, and express little warmth to the child
permissive parenting style
accepting and lax with few demands; little monitoring; few controls. Preschoolers were impulsive, aggressive, bossy self centered, low in independence and achievement
chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner)
the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course, as well as socio-historical circumstances
macrosystem (Bronfenbrenner)
culture in which individuals live
exosystem (Bronfenbrenner)
links between a social setting in which the individual does NOT have an active role and the individual’s immediate context
mesosystem (Bronfenbrenner)
relations between microsystems or connections between contexts
microsystem (Bronfenbrenner)
child’s immediate setting: family, daycare center, school
Bronfenbrenner ecological theory
childrens development within context of relationships that form in their environment.
sources of meaning
indicate what is important, what is to be valued, and what is to be lived for
role preparation
for roles in work, gender, and institutions such as marriage, parenthood
self regulation
ability to comply to social norms
goals of socialization
self regulation, role preparation, sources of meaning
Moral Development (Kohlberg)
Preconventional: young children focus on how their actions will effect themselves
Conventional: Base decision on how others will view them, follow standards
Post conventional: Moral reasoning for the good of society, uphold justice
Criticisms: assumes boys and girls react the same, bias toward Western culture
