Chapter 8

Question 1

Relationship between hydronium ion concentration and pH

Answer 1

Hydronium ion concentration is ten raised to the power of the negative pH
pH = -log [H3O+]

Question 2

What is the relationship between pOH and [OH-]?

Answer 2

pOH = -log[OH-]

Question 3

acids vs. bases

Answer 3

Question 4

which are the strong bases on the periodic table

Answer 4

start at Li, go down 5 and up 3

Question 5

strong acids

Answer 5

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4

Question 6

What’s the clue for a weak acid?

Answer 6

If we are given a Ka value

Question 7

Ka

Answer 7

Question 8

Kb

Answer 8

Question 9

Conjugate acid-base pairs

Answer 9

more positive = acid

Question 10

acid names from anion names: -ide

Answer 10

hydro___ic

Question 11

acid names from anion names: -ate

Answer 11

-ic

if you ate it, it’s icky

Question 12

acid names from anion names: -ite

Answer 12

-ous

Question 13

review oxyanions: +O atom

Answer 13

per___ate (acid changes to -ic)

Question 14

review oxyanions: -O atom

Answer 14

-ite (acid changes to -ous)

Question 15

review oxyanions: -2 O atoms

Answer 15

hypo___ite (acid changes to -ous)

Question 16

What is the relationship between pKa and Ka?

How do we get Ka if given pKa?

Answer 16

pKa = -logKa
OR
Ka=10^ -pKa

Question 17

relationship between Ka, Kb, and Kw

Answer 17

Ka x Kb = Kw

Question 18

relationship between pKa and pKb

Answer 18

pKa + pKb = 14

Question 19

What is [H30+] x [OH-]

Answer 19

[H30+] x [OH-] = 1.0 x 10^-14

Question 20

What is a pH indicator?

Answer 20

(not part of chemical reaction, just tells us when to stop titrating)

Question 21

What are the criteria for a buffer system?

Answer 21

Question 22

smaller pKa means ___ acid and ___ ka

Answer 22

smaller pKa means stronger acid and larger ka

Question 23

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Answer 23

pH=pKa + log [A-] / [HA]

Question 24

Rearrange Hasselbalch to solve for [A-] or [c.base]

Answer 24