Chapter 79: Endocrine Disorders Flashcards
Match the disorder with the related hormone:
Cushing Syndrome
Cortisol
Match the disorder with the related hormone:
Graves Disease
Thyroxine
Match the disorder with the related hormone:
Diabetes Insipidus
Antidiuretic hormone
Match the disorder with the related hormone:
Diabetes Mellitus
Insulin
List the correct sequence involved in testing blood glucose levels in a diabetic client.
- Prepare the lancet by twisting off the cap.
- Put on sterile disposable gloves.
- Gently massage and keep finger in dependent position.
- Clean the puncture site with alcohol.
The condition of breaking down of fat tissue with scarring and malabsorption is called __________.
Lipodystrophy
Diabetes that develops spontaneously or without an identifiable cause is called ________.
Idiopathic
The condition of excessive hunger is called _________.
Polyphagia
An excess of _________ hormone causes hypoglycemia.
Insulin
A nurse is caring for a client in the late stage of ketoacidosis. The nurse notices that the client’s breath has a characteristic fruity odor. Which substance is responsible for the fruity smell in the breath?
Acetone
A nurse is caring for a client with Addison disease. Which nursing consideration should be employed when caring for this client?
Document the specific gravity of urine.
A nurse is assigned to care for and monitor any complications in a 40-year-old client with chronic diabetes. Which is a macrovascular complication of diabetes?
Arteriosclerosis
A nurse is preparing a diet plan for a 50-year-old client with a simple goiter. Which should be included in the client’s diet to decrease the enlargement of the thyroid gland?
Iodine
A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old client affected with hypoparathyroidism. When checking the laboratory report, the nurse finds that the client’s calcium level was very low. Which vitamin regulates the calcium level in the body?
Vitamin D
A nurse is asked to check the blood glucose level of a diabetic client using a Glucometer. Which of the following guidelines should be followed for blood glucose monitoring? List all that apply.
-Check the calibration number on the strip bottle with the meter.
-Rotate the site of lancing for each test.
-Use the lateral aspect of the fingertip for testing.
A 30-year-old client is diagnosed with a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following statements is true regarding SIADH? List all that apply.
-Weight gain may occur due to fluid retention.
-Chemo may be a possible cause of this disease.
-Clients with SIADH usually have concentrated urine.
A nurse is administering a Lantus insulin injection to a 50-year-old diabetic client. Which of the following precautions should the nurse keep in mind when administering the insulin injection? List all that apply.
-Roll the syringe before administration of the medicine.
-Check the color of the vial or prefilled syringe before using them.
-Avoid mixing Lantus with other types of insulin.
A diabetic client is admitted to the healthcare facility in a stage of insulin shock. Which can lead to insulin shock?
Consuming alcohol with insulin injections.
What information should be provided to the client before performing a radioactive iodine uptake test?
Ask the client to avoid eating ocean shellfish 1 week before the test.
A client has a random blood glucose level drawn with results of 80mg/dL. What conclusion can the nurse draw from this result?
There is no further action required.
A client with type 1 DM has a consistent glucose reading of 200 - 320mg/dL. For what test should the nurse prepare the client?
Urine for detection of ketones.
The nurse is explaining to a client diagnosed with diabetes how to know when diabetes is controlled. Which is an accurate statement to use as a teaching point?
“You will feel well when your DM is controlled.”
The nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy with the removal of parathyroids. After observing positive Trousseau and Chvostek signs, what action should the nurse take?
Administer calcium gluconate as ordered.
A client is suspected of developing diabetes insipidus after sustaining a head injury. What observation made by the nurse should be documented that supports the Dx of diabetes insipidus? List all that apply.
-Reports of severe thirst.
-Voiding 20L in 24 hours.
-Urine specific gravity of 1.000.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which intervention is a primary nursing consideration in this situation?
Checking electrolyte and glucose levels for changes.
A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old client who has recently undergone a thyroidectomy. Which postoperative complication is most critical for the nurse to monitor when caring for this client?
Difficulty in breathing.
The nurse is caring for a client after undergoing total thyroidectomy. What action should the nurse take to prevent complications? List all that apply.
-Inspect dressings for excessive bleeding.
-Check for edema in the neck.
-Keep an endotracheal tube at the bedside.
A nurse is instructing a 25-year-old diabetic client regarding preventative foot care measures. Which information should be included in client teaching?
Place lamb’s wool between overlapping toes to prevent irritation.
A client is in metabolic acidosis caused by DKA. The nurse prepares to administer which medication as a primary tx for this problem?
Regular insulin.
A client with myxedema has changes in intellectual function, such as impaired memory, decreased attention span, and lethargy. The client’s husband is upset and shares his concerns with the nurse. Which statement by the nurse is helpful to the client’s husband?
“It seems that you are concerned about your wife’s condition, but the sx may improve with continued therapy.”
A client with hypoparathyroidism has hypocalcemia. The nurse avoids giving the client the prescribed vitamin and calcium supplement with which liquid?
Milk.
An older client with a hx of hyperparathyroidism and severe osteoporosis is hospitalized. The nurse caring for the client plans to address which problem first?
The possibility of injury.
Excessive hunger.
Polyphagia
Another name for hypothyroidism.
Graves disease
Excess of somatropin in adults.
Acromegaly
Metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
Diabetes mellitus
Excessive thirst.
Polydipsia
Kidney disease caused by microvascular changes.
Nephropathy
Excessive urination.
Polyuria.
Decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin.
Insulin resistance
Hypoglycemia followed by compensatory period of rebound hyperglycemia.
Somogyi phenomenom
Underproduction of ADH in which urine is copious.
Diabetes insipidus
Advanced hypothyroidism in adults.
Myxedema
Deficiency of T4, which slows down metabolic process.
Hypothyroidism
Bulging eyes.
Exopthalmos
Enlarged thyroid gland that doesn’t cause toxic symptoms.
Goiter
Overproduction of T4, which increases metabolic rate.
Hyperthyroidism
Loss of functional retinal tissue in the eye due to microvascular damage.
Retinopathy
Overproduction of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, overuse of corticosteroids, or tumors of adrenal glands or pituitary.
Cushings syndrome
Ketones accumulate because of the utilization of fats and proteins as a source of energy.
Ketoacidosis
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland.
Thyroidectomy
Catecholamine-secreting adrenal tumor.
Pheochromocytoma
Albiglutide (Tanzeum)
-Ther. class: Antidiabetics
-Pharm. class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor.
Acarbose (Precose)
-Ther. class: Antidiabetics
-Pharm. class: Alpha glucoside inhibitors.
Metformin (Glucophage)
-Ther. class: Antidiabetics
-Pharm class: Biguanides
Pramlintide (Symlin)
-Ther. class: Antidiabetics
-Pharm. class: Hormones
Somatotropin (STH)
-Ther. class: Hormones
-Pharm class: Growth hormones
