Chapter 7.6: Proprioception Flashcards
proprioception
ability to sense the position and movement of your own body parts relative to one another
golgi tendon organs. Where are they located? What do they detect?
found in TENDONS that branch along the tendon’s collagen fibers. Mechanically gated channels open and cause APs when a muscle contracts that is connected to the tendon. Helps detect FORCE OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Muscle spindles. Where are they located? 2 types of axon types. What do they detect?
Muscle spindles are found in intrafusal muscle fibers (non contractile fibers in skeletal muscle)
2 types 1) annulospiral endings: wrap around intrafusal fibers near center
2) flower spray endings: axons that wrap near end of intrafusal fibers in a disorganized way.
they both detect MUSCLE STRETCH
Flower spray axons (muscle spindle) tend to be ___ fibers that project into the ___ and __ regions of the rexed laminae.
AB fibers that project to 3 and 5 regions of rexed laminae
Annulospiral muscle spindle axons AND GOLGI TENDON ORGANS tend to have ___ fibers that project into deeper dorsal layers, usually __ __ and ___ regions of the rexed laminae. What is so significant about where they project to?
Annulospiral muscle spindle axons AND GOLGI TENDON ORGANS tend to have ALPHA fibers that project into deeper dorsal layers, usually 6, 7, and 10 regions of the rexed laminae.
10 region of rexed laminae also contain motor neurons . therefore, alpha fibers involved in vital reflex arcs and maintaining body posture.
where are vestibular sensors located?
vestibule and semicircular canals of inner ear near cochlea
the ____ is involved with head tilt and acceleration
vestibule
hair cells in the vestibule are clustered into patches called ____. where are the 2 patches located?
Maculae. One patch is in the utricle and the other in the saccule.
How do the tips of the vestibular stereocilia and kinocilia move to depolarize the vestibular hair cells?
stereocilia are deflected toward the kinocilium. Tiplinks open channels in the kinocilia allowing for K+ and Ca2+ entry.
Tips of vestibular stereocilia are embedded in gelatinou OTOCONIAL MEMBRANE and when the membrane moves sideways because of head tilt/acceleration/inertia, the hair cells’ stereocilia bend towards the kinocilia and depolarize the vestibular hair cell, triggering GLUTATE RELEASE.
Tips of vestibular stereocilia are embedded in gelatinous _____ _____ and when the membrane moves sideways because of head tilt/acceleration/inertia, the hair cells’ _____ bend towards the ____ and depolarize the vestibular hair cell, triggering _____ RELEASE.
Tips of vestibular stereocilia are embedded in gelatinou OTOCONIAL MEMBRANE and when the membrane moves sideways because of head tilt/acceleration/inertia, the hair cells’ stereocilia bend towards the kinocilia and depolarize the vestibular hair cell, triggering GLUTAMATE RELEASE.
positioning of the semicircular canals. What do they detect?
3 canals are positioned at right angles to one another.
horizontal canal –> encodes horizontal angular acceleration
anterior canal –> encodes saggital angular acceleration
posterior canal —> coronal plane angular acceleration
T/F: otoconial membrane is also in the semicircular canals. What do they have?
false. they have stereocilia and kinocilia like the utricle and saccule vestibular system, but they are implanted in a CUPULA, which can be DEFLECTED BASED ON FLUID PRESSURE, which bend the stereocilia of the semicircular canals towards the kinocilium and causes the haircells to depolarize, also releasing glutamate.
axons innervating hair cells of the vestibular apparatus and semicircular canals move to the ___ ___ in the MEDULLA through the _________ nerve.
axons innervating hair cells of the vestibular apparatus and semicircular canals move to the VESTIBUAR COMPLEX in the MEDULLA through the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR nerve.
