chapter 7 yarns

Question 1

simply one fiber

Answer 1

monofilament yarn

Question 2

A yarn made up of a number of filament fibers. All fivers for one yarn are extruded at one time. Usually the number of fivers in yarn ranges from 30 to several thousand.

Answer 2

multifilament yarn

Question 3

short lengths of finer twisted together

Answer 3

spun yarn

Question 4

spirals run upward to the left

Answer 4

s twist yarn

Question 5

continuous strands of fibre many miles long

Answer 5

filament yarn

Question 6

spirals run upward to the right

Answer 6

z twist yarn

Question 7

fuzzy, bulkier yarn with uneven diameter and varied finer length

Answer 7

woolen yarn

Question 8

two or more single yarns twisted together

Answer 8

ply yarn

Question 9

smooth, twisted, firmer yarn with even diameter

Answer 9

worsted yarn

Question 10

heated filaments are drawn over an edge, which flattens one side of the filaments and causes the yarn to curl.

Answer 10

knife-edge method

Question 11

sawtooth crimp is created when yarn passes through the teeth of two heated gears

Answer 11

gear crimping

Question 12

filament yarns are pushed into one end of a small heated box until they bend

Answer 12

stuffer box method

Question 13

high velocity air or steam is used to distorted some fibers in a yarn so that they loop or curl

Answer 13

air-jet method

Question 14

yarn is omitted into a thin tube, heat set, and unravelled

Answer 14

knit-deknit method

Question 15

What are bulky yarns?

Answer 15

Bulky yarns are created from fibres that, because of their inherent characteristics, cannot be packed closely together. often used in swathers, carpet, upholstery and warm hosiery

Question 16

What are crimped yarns?

Answer 16

Crimped yarns are usually made of thermoplastic fibres, most commonly by the false-twist method. these yarns may be used when stretch is needed.

Question 17

What are the three types of textured yarns?

Answer 17

loopy, high bulk, stretch

Question 18

What are the three types of bulk yarns?

Answer 18

Bulky, crimped, textured

Question 19

yarns that have irregular spaced loops along their lengths

Answer 19

loopy yarns

Question 20

What are high-bulk yarns?

Answer 20

yarns that are combinations of manufactured fibres. these yarns do not have much stretch

Question 21

Yarns that have a high degree of elastic stretch

Answer 21

stretch yarns

Question 22

The process of creating a cohesive yarn from short fibres

Answer 22

spinning

Question 23

What are the three major spinning systems?

Answer 23

Cotton, Worsted, Woolen

Question 24

Yarn formation system used for cotton, silk noil, and short manufactured fibres

Answer 24

Cotton system

Question 25

Soft, bulky yarns with fibre ends on the surface that are carded but not combed.

Answer 25

Woolen yarns

Question 26

Yarns that are twisted more tightly and are smoother and stronger than woolen yarns.

Answer 26

Worsted yarns

Question 27

What is carding?

Answer 27

Many bent wires separate and partially align the fibres to form a thin web. Creates a fuzzier. bulkier surface.

Question 28

What is combing?

Answer 28

the process of further aligning the fibres. A comblike device removes shorter fibres and makes the remaining fibres more parallel. These yarns are smoother and have fewer fibre ends than carded yarns.

Question 29

A variation of ring spinning that creates a smoother, stronger yarn by condensing the roving before the final twisting

Answer 29

Compact spinning

Question 30

Method of spinning yarn from staple fibres. The roving is twisted and wound onto a bobbin in one operation

Answer 30

Ring spinning

Question 31

What us roving?

Answer 31

The intermediate stage between sliver and yarn. The roving is slightly more cohesive than the sliver.

Question 32

Method of spinning yarn from staple fibres. Fibres are fed into a rotor, where centrifugal force deposits them in a V-shaped groove. as yarn is pulled out, more fibres are added.

Answer 32

rotor spinning

Question 33

A variation of ring spinning that eliminates the roving. The sliver goes directly into the spinning frame. The resulting yarn is suitable for pile fabrics and carpet

Answer 33

Direct spinning

Question 34

Two strands of roving are fed between two rollers that insert twist. Each yarn will have areas of Z twist and areas of S twist. When they are combined, the yarns twist over each other. This process is especially appropriate for combining staple strands, filament strands, or staple and filament strands.

Answer 34

Self twist

Question 35

What is a simple yarn?

Answer 35

typically made into relatively flat, smooth fabrics

Question 36

Most fabrics are made of this type of yarn because it is inexpensive to produce

Answer 36

Single yarns

Question 37

What are ply yarns?

Answer 37

Two or more single yarns twisted together

Question 38

Cord yarns

Answer 38

two or more plies twisted together

Question 39

Novelty yarns that are ply yarns in which an effect yarn loops around the core yarn

Answer 39

Boucle yarns

Question 40

Novelty yarns that are pieces of leno fabric that has been cut into strips

Answer 40

Chenille yarns