Chapter 7 Vocabulary - Cell Growth Flashcards
Apoptosis
a predictable, controlled process of cell self-destruction; programmed cell death
Binary Fission
a method of asexual reproduction in which one prokaryotic cell divides into two identical descendant cells
Cell Differentiation
a process by which cells become specialized during development; occurs as different cells in an embryo begin to use different subsets of their DNA
Cytokinesis
a process in which a eukaryotic cell divides in two after mitosis or meiosis; cytoplasmic division
Homologous chromosome
in a nucleus, one of a pair of chromosomes that have the same length, shape, and genes
Interphase
the period in the life cycle of a cell in which there is no visible mitotic division; period between mitotic divisions in which cell performs normal growth and metabolic functions
Meristem
a zone of undifferentiated parenchyma cells, the divisions of which give rise to new tissues during plant growth
Mitosis
a division of the cell nucleus resulting in the distribution of a complete set of chromosomes to each daughter cell; occurs in stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase); basis of body growth, tissue repair, and (in some organisms) asexual reproduction
Oncogene
a gene that helps transform a normal cell into a tumor cell
Sister chromatid
one of two identical DNA molecules of a duplicated eukaryotic chromosome, attached at the centromere
Stem cell
a cell that can divide to produce more stem cells or differentiate into a specialized cell type
Cell Cycle
Life cycles, prokaryotic cell cycle, eukaryotic cell cycle & cell cycle control, cell death & apoptosis
Life cycle
sequence of distinct stages that occur during an organism’s lifetime
