Chapter 7 - Vocabulary

Question 0

calciferol

Answer 0

-active form of Vit D, secreted by the kidney

Question 1

arteriole

Answer 1

-small artery

Question 2

calyx

calix

Answer 2

-cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Question 3

catheter

Answer 3

-tube for injecting or removing fluids

Question 4

cortex

Answer 4

-outer region

Question 5

creatinine

Answer 5

-nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 6

creatinine clearance

Answer 6

-a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood

Question 7

electrolyte

Answer 7

• chemical element that carries and electrical charge when dissolved in water
• necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves

Question 8

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 8

-hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of rbc’s by bone marrow

Question 9

filtration

Answer 9

-process whereby some substances, but not all, pass thru a filter

Question 10

glomerular (Bowman) capsule

Answer 10

• enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

- collects the material that is filtered from the blood thru the walls of the glomerulus

Question 11

glomerulus

plural: glomeruli

Answer 11

-tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

Question 12

hilum

Answer 12

-depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

Question 13

kidney

Answer 13

• one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the spine in the lumbar region
• filter nitrogenous wastes from the blood to form urine

Question 14

meatus

Answer 14

-opening or canal

Question 15

medulla

Answer 15

-inner region of an organ

Question 16

nephron

Answer 16

• combination of the glomerulus and renal tubule
• where filtration, reabsorption and secretion take place
• the functional unit of the kidney

Question 17

nitrogenous waste

Answer 17

• substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

- ex: urea, uric acid, creatinine

Question 18

potassium (K+)

Answer 18

-electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained in the blood

Question 19

reabsorption

Answer 19

-process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

Question 20

renal artery

Answer 20

-blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

Question 21

renal pelvis

Answer 21

-central collecting region in the kidney

Question 22

renal tubule

Answer 22

-microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

Question 23

renal vein

Answer 23

-blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney toward the heart

Question 24

renin

Answer 24

• hormone secreted by the kidney

- raises bp by influencing vasoconstriction

Question 25

sodium (Na+)

Answer 25

-electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidney

Question 26

trigone

Answer 26

• triangular area in the urinary bladder

- formed between the two openings from each ureter and the urethra

Question 27

urea

Answer 27

-major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 28

ureter

Answer 28

-one of two tubes leading from kidneys to the urinary bladder

Question 29

urethra

Answer 29

-tube leading from the urinary bladder to outside the body

Question 30

uric acid

Answer 30

-nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 31

urinary bladder

Answer 31

-hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

Question 32

urination (voiding)

Answer 32

• process of expelling urine

- also called micturition