Chapter 7 - Lab Tests/Clinical Procedures

Question 0

creatinine clearance

Answer 0

-measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney

Question 1

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 1

-measurement of urea levels in blood

Question 2

CT urography

Answer 2

• x-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple views of the kidney
• to detect kidney stones and evaluate hematuria
• with or without contrast material

Question 3

kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB)

Answer 3

-x-ray (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder

Question 4

renal angiography

Answer 4

• x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney
• detects bleeding and obstruction of blood vessels leading to kidney

Question 5

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Answer 5

• x-ray with contrast of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding
• will show reflux into ureters

Question 6

retrograde pyelogram (RP)

Answer 6

• to locate kidney stones and other obstructions
• x-ray of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Question 7

ultrasonography

Answer 7

-imaging of urinary tract structures using sound waves

Question 8

radioisotope scan

Answer 8

-image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

Question 9

MRI urography

Answer 9

-changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in 3 planes of the body

Question 10

cystoscopy

Answer 10

-direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)

Question 11

dialysis

Answer 11

-process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Question 12

hemodialysis (HD)

Answer 12

-blood is filtered through a machine and returned to the body

Question 13

peritoneal dialysis (PD)

Answer 13

• a catheter introduces fluid into the peritoneal cavity where waste materials pass out of the blood and into the fluid. The fluid is then drained
• CAPD = continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Question 14

lithotripsy

Answer 14

• urinary tract stones are crushed
• extracorporeal method (outside the body)
• ESWL = extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Question 15

renal angioplasty

Answer 15

-dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

Question 16

renal biopsy

Answer 16

-removal of kidney tissue for examination

Question 17

renal transplantation

Answer 17

-surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Question 18

urinary catheterization

Answer 18

-passage of a tubular instrument thru the urethra into the urinary bladder