Chapter 7 Vocab Flashcards
Political theory of representative government, based on the principle of popular sovereignty, with a strong emphasis on liberty and civic virtue.
Republicanism
Eighteenth-century British political commentators who agitated against political corruption and emphasized the threat to liberty posed by arbitrary power
Radical Whigs
Economic theory that closely linked a nation’s political and military power to its bullion reserves.
Mercantilism
Duty on imported sugar from the West Indies. It was the first tax levied on the colonists by the crown and was lowered substantially in response to widespread protests
Sugar act
Required colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops.
Quartering Act
Widely unpopular tax on an array of paper goods, repealed in 1766 after mass protests erupted across the colonies.
Stamp tax
Used to try offenders for violating the various Navigation Acts passed by the crown after the French and Indian War.
Admiralty courts
Assembly of delegates from nine colonies who met in New York City to draft a petition for the repeal of the Stamp Act.
Stamp Act Congress`
Boycotts against British goods adopted in response to the Stamp Act and, later, the Townshend and Intolerable Acts.
Nonimportation agreements-
Patriotic groups that played a central role in agitating against the Stamp Act and enforcing non-importation agreements.
Sons of Liberty
Patriotic groups that played a central role in agitating against the Stamp Act and enforcing non-importation agreements.
Daughters of Liberty
Passed alongside the repeal of the Stamp Act, it reaffirmed Parliament’s unqualified sovereignty over the North American colonies.
Declaratory Act
External, or indirect, levies on glass, white lead, paper, paint and tea, the proceeds of which were used to pay colonial governors, who had previously been paid directly by colonial assemblies.
Townshend Acts
Clash between unruly Bostonian protestors and locally-stationed British redcoats, who fired on the jeering crowd, killing or wounding eleven citizens.
Boston Massacre
Local committees established across Massachusetts, and later in each of the thirteen colonies, to maintain colonial opposition to British policies through the exchange of letters and pamphlets.
Committees of correspondence
- Rowdy protest against the British East India Company’s newly acquired monopoly on the tea trade. Colonists, disguised as Indians, dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston harbor, prompting harsh sanctions from the British Parliament.
Boston Tea Party
Series of punitive measures passed in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, closing the Port of Boston, revoking a number of rights in the Massachusetts colonial charter, and expanding the Quartering Act to allow for the lodging of soldiers in private homes.
“Intolerable Acts”-
Allowed the French residents of Québec to retain their traditional political and religious institutions and extended the boundaries of the province southward to the Ohio River.
Quebec Acts
Convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies that convened in Philadelphia to craft a response to the Intolerable Acts.
First Continental Congress
Non-importation agreement crafted during the First Continental Congress calling for the complete boycott of British goods.
The Association
First battles of the Revolutionary War fought outside of Boston.
Lexington and Concord
Encampment where George Washington’s poorly-equipped army spent a wretched, freezing winter.
Valley Forge
Women and children who followed the Continental Army during the American Revolution, providing vital services such as cooking and sewing in return for rations.
Camp followers
