Chapter 11

Question 1

Electoral victory of Democratic Republicans over the Federalists, who lost their Congressional majority and the presidency.

Answer 1

Revolution of 1800

Question 2

Passed by the departing Federalist Congress, it created sixteen new federal judgeships ensuring a Federalist hold on the judiciary.

Answer 2

Judiciary Act of 1801

Question 3

Federal justices appointed by John Adams during the last days of his presidency. Their positions were revoked when the newly elected Republican Congress repealed the Judiciary Act.

Answer 3

midnight judges

Question 4

Supreme Court case that established the principle of “judicial review”—the idea that the Supreme Court had the final authority to determine constitutionality.

Answer 4

Marbury v. Madison

Question 5

Four-year conflict between the American Navy and the North-African nation of Tripoli over piracy in the Mediterranean. Jefferson, a staunch non-interventionist,
reluctantly deployed American forces, eventually securing a peace treaty with Tripoli.

Answer 5

Tripolitan War

Question 6

war incited by a slave uprising in French-controlled Saint Domingue, resulting in the creation of the first independent black republic in the Americas

Answer 6

Haitian Revolution

Question 7

: Acquisition of Louisiana territory from France. The purchase more than doubled the territory of the United States, opening vast tracts for settlement.

Answer 7

Louisiana Purchase

Question 8

Team of adventurers, led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, sent by T homas Jefferson to explore Louisiana Territory and find a water route to the Pacific.

Answer 8

Corps of Discovery

Question 9

Edicts issued by the British Crown closing French-owned European ports to foreign shipping. The French responded by ordering the seizure of all vessels entering British ports, thereby cutting off American merchants from trade with both parties.

Answer 9

Orders in Council

Question 10

Act of forcibly drafting an individual into military service, employed by the British navy against American seamen in times of war against France, 1793–1815.
was a continual source of conflict between Britain and the United States in the early national period.

Answer 10

impressment

Question 11

Conflict between Britain and the United States that precipitated the 1807 embargo. The conflict developed when a British ship, in search of deserters, fired on the American Chesapeake off the coast of Virginia.

Answer 11

Chesapeake Affair

Question 12

Enacted in response to British and French mistreatment of American merchants, the Act banned the export of all goods from the United States to any foreign port.

Answer 12

Embargo Act

Question 13

Passed alongside the repeal of the Embargo Act, it reopened trade with all but the two belligerent nations, Britain and France.

Answer 13

Non-Intercourse Act

Question 14

Aimed at resuming peaceful trade with Britain and France, the act stipulated that if either Britain or France repealed its trade restrictions, the United States would reinstate the embargo against the non-repealing nation.

Answer 14

Macon’s Bill No. 2

Question 15

Democratic-Republican Congressmen who pressed James Madison to declare war on Britain. Largely drawn from the South and West
resented British constraints on American trade and accused the British of supporting Indian attacks against American settlements on the frontier

Answer 15

war hawks

Question 16

Resulted in the defeat of Shawnee chief Tenskwatawa, “the Prophet” at the hands William Henry Harrison in the Indiana wilderness.

Answer 16

Battle of Tippecanoe