Chapter 7 vocab Flashcards
Dual court system
A court system made up of both federal and state courts.
Jurisdiction
A court’s authority to hear and decide cases.
Exclusive jurisdiction
Authority of only federal courts to hear and decide cases.
Concurrent jurisdiction
Authority for both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases.
Presumed
Assumed or supposed to be true.
Original jurisdiction
The authority to hear cases for the first time.
Appellate jurisdiction
The authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court.
Ruling
An official decision by a judge or a court that settles a cause and may also establish the meaning of a law.
Opinion
A detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision in a case.
Precedent
A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later similar case.
Litigant
One Of the parties involved in a lawsuit.
Tenure
The right to hold an office once a person is confirmed.
Subpoena
An order that requires a person to appear in court.
Consent
To express willingness or to agree; approval.
Preliminary
Something that introduces or comes before something else.
Judicial review
The power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law or government action goes against the Constitution.
Constitutional
In accordance with the Constitution.
Nullify
To cancel legally.
Challenge
To object to a decision or outcome.
Writ of certiorari
An order a higher court issues to a lower court to obtain the records of the lower court in a particular case.
Docket
A court’s calendar, showing the schedule of sases it is to hear.
Caseload
A judges or courts workload of cases in a period of time.
Brief
A written document explaining the position of one side of the other in a case.
Stare decisis
The practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases.
