Chapter 7 - Ventilation, Perfusion and Shock

Question 1

The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body.

Answer 1

Pathophysiology

Question 2

The cellular function of converting nutrients into energy.

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

A substance that, when dissolved in water, separates into charged particles.

Answer 3

Electrolyte

Question 4

The cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose. Energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste.

Answer 4

Aerobic Metabolism

Question 5

The cellular process in which gluose is metabolized into energy without oxygen. Energy is produced in an inefficient manner with many waste products.

Answer 5

Anaerobic Metabolism

Question 6

Fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breath.

Answer 6

FiO₂

Question 7

When air moves in and out of the body.

Answer 7

Ventilation

Question 8

This moves oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide.

Answer 8

Respiration

Question 9

This process delivers oxygenated blood to body cells and removal of wastes.

Answer 9

Perfusion

Question 10

Open and clear; free from obstruction.

Answer 10

Patent

Question 11

The volume of air moved in one cycle of breathing.

Answer 11

Tidal Volume

Question 12

The amount of air breathed in each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute.

Answer 12

Minute Volume

Question 13

Air that occupies the space between the mouth and alveoli but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange.

Answer 13

Dead Air Space

Question 14

Chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Answer 14

Chemoreceptors

Question 15

The pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of blood that tends to pull water from the body into the bloodstream.

Answer 15

Plasma Oncotic

Question 16

The pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel.

Answer 16

Hydrostatic Pressure

Question 17

Sensors in blood vessels that identify internal pressure.

Answer 17

Stetch Receptors

Question 18

The pressure in the peripheral blood vessels that the hearst must overcome to pump blood into the system.

Answer 18

Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)

Question 19

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction.

Answer 19

Stroke Volume

Question 20

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute (heart rate x stroke volume).

Answer 20

Cardiac Output

Question 21

Ventilation/Perfusion match

Answer 21

V/Q Match

Question 22

Inibility of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. Also called Shock!

Answer 22

Hypoperfusion

Question 23

Cool, pale and moist/sweaty skin; sweating.

Answer 23

Diaphoresis

Question 24

Water comprises approxiamtely 60% of body weight. What are the three spaces this water is distributed and in what percent?

Answer 24

Intracellular: 70%

Intravascular: 5%

Interstitial: 25%

Question 25

An abnormally low amount of water in the body.

Answer 25

Dehydration

Question 26

Swelling associated with the movement of water into the interstitial space.

Answer 26

Edema

Question 27

An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance.

Answer 27

Hypersensitivity