Chapter 7 - Ventilation, Perfusion and Shock Flashcards
The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body.
Pathophysiology
The cellular function of converting nutrients into energy.
Metabolism
A substance that, when dissolved in water, separates into charged particles.
Electrolyte
The cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose. Energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste.
Aerobic Metabolism
The cellular process in which gluose is metabolized into energy without oxygen. Energy is produced in an inefficient manner with many waste products.
Anaerobic Metabolism
Fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breath.
FiO2
When air moves in and out of the body.
Ventilation
This moves oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide.
Respiration
This process delivers oxygenated blood to body cells and removal of wastes.
Perfusion
Open and clear; free from obstruction.
Patent
The volume of air moved in one cycle of breathing.
Tidal Volume
The amount of air breathed in each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute.
Minute Volume
Air that occupies the space between the mouth and alveoli but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange.
Dead Air Space
Chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Chemoreceptors
The pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of blood that tends to pull water from the body into the bloodstream.
Plasma Oncotic
The pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel.
Hydrostatic Pressure
Sensors in blood vessels that identify internal pressure.
Stetch Receptors
The pressure in the peripheral blood vessels that the hearst must overcome to pump blood into the system.
Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)
The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction.
Stroke Volume
The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute (heart rate x stroke volume).
Cardiac Output
Ventilation/Perfusion match
V/Q Match
Inibility of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. Also called Shock!
Hypoperfusion
Cool, pale and moist/sweaty skin; sweating.
Diaphoresis
Water comprises approxiamtely 60% of body weight. What are the three spaces this water is distributed and in what percent?
Intracellular: 70%
Intravascular: 5%
Interstitial: 25%
An abnormally low amount of water in the body.
Dehydration
Swelling associated with the movement of water into the interstitial space.
Edema
An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance.
Hypersensitivity
