Chapter 7 Using GIS to Make a Map

Question 1

cartography

Answer 1

the art and science of creating and designing maps

Question 2

map

Answer 2

a representation of geographic data

Question 3

visual heirarchy

Answer 3

how features are displayed on a map to emphasize their level of prominence

Question 4

geographic scale

Answer 4

the real-world size or extent of an area

Question 5

map scale

Answer 5

a metric used to determine the relationship between measurements made on a map and their real-world equivalents

Question 6

RF

Answer 6

representative fraction; a value indicating how many units of measurement in the real world are equivalent to how many of the same units of measurement on a map

Question 7

large-scale map

Answer 7

a map with a higher value for its representative fraction; such maps usually show a smaller geographic area

Question 8

small-scale map

Answer 8

a map with a lower value for its representative fraction; such maps usually show a larger geographic area

Question 9

cartographic generalization

Answer 9

the simplification of representing items on a map

Question 10

scale bar

Answer 10

a graphical device used on a map to represent map scale

Question 11

north arrow

Answer 11

a graphical device used to show the orientation of a map

Question 12

legend

Answer 12

a graphical device used to explain what the various map symbols and colors represent

Question 13

type

Answer 13

the lettering used on a map

Question 14

label

Answer 14

text placed on a map to identify features

Question 15

font

Answer 15

the lettering style used on a map

Question 16

layout

Answer 16

the assemblage and placement of various map elements used in constructing a map

Question 17

map template

Answer 17

a pre-made arrangement of items in a map layout

Question 18

reference map

Answer 18

a map that serves to show the locations of features rather than thematic information

Question 19

thematic map

Answer 19

a map that displays a particular theme or feature

Question 20

graduated symbols

Answer 20

different-sized symbols used to convey thematic information on a map

Question 21

choropleth map

Answer 21

a type of thematic map in which data is displayed according to one of several different classifications

Question 22

data classification

Answer 22

a method used for grouping together (and displaying) values on a choropleth map

Question 23

natural breaks

Answer 23

a data classification methods that involves selecting class break levels by searching for spaces in the data values

Question 24

quantile

Answer 24

a data classification method that involves attempting to place an equal number of data values in each class

Question 25

equal intervals

Answer 25

a data classification method that involves selecting class break levels by dividing the total span of values (from highest to lowest) by the number of desired classes

Question 26

standard deviation

Answer 26

a data classification method that involves computing class break values by using the mean of the data values and the average distance of a value from the mean

Question 27

normalized

Answer 27

altering count data values so that they are at the same level of representation (such as using percentages instead of count values)

Question 28

RGB

Answer 28

a color scheme based on using three primary colors: red, green, and blue

Question 29

CYMK

Answer 29

a color scheme based on using the colors cyan, magenta, yellow, and black

Question 30

color ramp

Answer 30

a particular range of colors applied to the thematic data on a map

Question 31

JPEG

Answer 31

Joint Photographic Experts Group; an image or graphic file format

Question 32

TIFF

Answer 32

Tagged Image File Format; a file format used for graphics or images

Question 33

DPI

Answer 33

dots per inch; a measure of how coarse (lower values) or sharp (higher values) an image or map resolution will be when exported to a graphical format

Question 34

GeoTIFF

Answer 34

Georeferenced Tagged Image File Format; a graphical file format that can also carry spatial referencing