Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution 1763-1775

Question 1

insurrection

Answer 1

Rebellion against political authority. “Insurrection of thought usually precedes insurrection of deed.”

Question 2

mercantilism

Answer 2

The economic theory that all parts of an economy should be coordinated for the good of the whole state; hence, that colonial economics should be subordinated for the benefit of an empire. “That theory was called mercantilism.”

Question 3

depreciate

Answer 3

To decrease in value, as in the decline of the purchasing power of money. “…dire need finally forced many of the colonies to issue paper money, which unfortunately depreciated.”

Question 4

protective tariffs

Answer 4

Taxes places on imported goods, often to raise prices and thus protect domestic producers. “Manufacturers, workers, and farmers seek to ensure their prosperity through protective tariffs….”

Question 5

mortgage

Answer 5

To pledge property to a creditor as security for a loan or debt. “Virginia planters … were forced to buy their necessities in England by mortgaging future crops.”

Question 6

admiralty courts

Answer 6

In British law, special administrative courts designed to handle maritime cases without a jury. “Both [acts] provided for trying offenders in the hated admiralty courts….”

Question 7

virtual representation

Answer 7

The political theory that a class of persons is represented in a lawmaking body without direct vote. “Elaborating the theory of ‘virtual representation.’ Grenville claimed that every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, even…Americans….”

Question 8

nonimportation agreement

Answer 8

Pledges to boycott, or decline to purchase, certain goods from abroad. “More effective than the congress was the widespread adoption of nonimportation agreements….”

Question 9

mulatto

Answer 9

A person of mixed African and European ancestry. “…Crispus Attucks [was] described…as a powerfully built runaway ‘mulatto’….”

Question 10

duty

Answer 10

A customs tax on the export or import of goods. “…Parliament…repeal[ed] the Townshend revenue duties.

Question 11

propaganda

Answer 11

A systematic program or particular materials designed to spread certain ideas; sometimes but not always the term implies the use of manipulative or deceptive means. “Their chief function was to spread propaganda….”

Question 12

boycott

Answer 12

An organized refusal to deal with some person, organization, or product. “…this one called for a complete boycott of British goods….”

Question 13

inflation

Answer 13

An increase in the supply of currency relative to the goods available, leading to a decline in the purchasing power of money. “Inflation of the currency inevitably skyrocketed prices.”

Question 14

desert

Answer 14

To leave official or military service without permission. “…hundreds of anxious husbands and fathers deserted.”