Chapter 7-The Physiology of Memory

Question 1

What did Eric Kandel’s research on Aplysia reveal about memory?

Answer 1

reflex learning with the Aplysia (sea slug) enhances synaptic connections by increasing neurotransmitter availability, demonstrating how memory formation alters synaptic transmission.

Question 2

What is long-term potentiation (LTP), and how is it related to memory?

Answer 2

LTP is a long-lasting increase in synaptic excitability at specific pathways, believed to underlie memory formation through changes in pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons.

Question 3

What role does the hippocampus play in memory?

Answer 3

the hippocampus is responsible for the initial consolidation of memories, which are later distributed across the cortex, and is a key site for LTP and neurogenesis (formation of neurons).

Question 4

How does neurogenesis impact memory and learning?

Answer 4

neurogenesis supports learning by creating new neurons that enhance neural circuits, potentially timestamp memories, and improve memory retention.

Question 5

What did Richard F. Thompson discover about neural circuits and memory?

Answer 5

he identified that memories depend on specific localized neural circuits, such as the cerebellum for the rabbit’s conditioned eye-blink response.

Question 6

How does repetition influence long-term memory in Aplysia?

Answer 6

repetition strengthens synaptic connections, creating durable long-term memory in Aplysia.