Chapter 7: Suicide

Question 1

Parasuicide

Answer 1

A suicide attempt that does not result in death

Question 2

Suicide

Answer 2

A self-inflicted death in which the person acts intentionally, directly, and consciously

Question 3

4 Kinds of Suicidal People

Answer 3

Death Seekers,
Death Initiators,
Death Ignorers,
Death Darers

Question 4

Death Seekers

Answer 4

Clearly intend to end their lives at the same time they attempt suicide,
May switch from wanting to and not wanting to

Question 5

Death Initiators

Answer 5

Clearly intend to end their lives, but they act out of belief that the process of death is already underway and that they are simply hastening the process

Question 6

Death Ignorers

Answer 6

Do not believe their self-inflicted death will mean the end of their existence,
Believe they’re trading their present lives for a better/happier existence

Question 7

Death Darers

Answer 7

Experience mixed feelings in their intent to die even at the moment of their attempt,
Show the ambivalence in the act itself,
Risky behavior doesn’t always lead to death

Question 8

Sub-Intentional Death

Answer 8

Death in which the victim plays an indirect, hidden, partial, or unconscious role,
Behaviors that may contribute drug/alcohol use, physical fighting, misuse of meds, self injury

Question 9

Retrospective Analysis For Studying Suicicde

Answer 9

Psychological autopsy in which clinicians and researchers piece together information about a person’s past with the help of relatives, friends, therapists, and physicians

Question 10

What Countries Have High Rates of Suicide?

Answer 10

South Korea, Russia, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Finland, Denmark, China, Japan

Question 11

What Countries Have Low Rates of Suicide?

Answer 11

Egypt, Mexico, Greece, Spain

Question 12

How Are A Country’s Rate of Suicide Affected?

Answer 12

Religious beliefs and affiliations

Question 13

What Gender Attempts Suicide More?

Answer 13

Women attempt 3 times more than men

Question 14

What Gender Succeeds More In Suicide Attempts?

Answer 14

Men succeed 4 times the rate of women due to their harsh methods they choose to use

Question 15

What Triggers A Suicide?

Answer 15

Stressful events and situations,
Mood and thought changes,
Alcohol and other drug use,
Mental Disorders,
Modeling,

Question 16

Stressful Events and Situations That Trigger Suicide

Answer 16

Social Isolation,
Serious Illnesses,
Abusive Environments,
Occupational Stress

Question 17

Mood and Thought Changes That Trigger Suicide

Answer 17

Increase in sadness, anxiety, tension, frustration, anger, shame,
Preoccupied with problem,
Lose perspective

Question 18

Hopelessness

Answer 18

Pessimistic belief that one’s present circumstances, problems, mood will not change

Question 19

Dichotomous Thinking

Answer 19

Viewing problems and solutions in rigid either/or items

Question 20

Alcohol & Other Drug Use That Trigger Suicide

Answer 20

70% of suicide attempters drink alcohol before the act,

Drugs also are used right before as well

Question 21

Mental Disorders That Trigger Suicide

Answer 21

70% of suicide victims had been experiencing severe depression,
20% chronic alcoholism,
10% schizophrenia

Question 22

Modeling That Triggers Suicide

Answer 22

Not uncommon for someone to attempt after seeing/hearing of someone else doing it

Question 23

Psychodynamic View on Suicide

Answer 23

Suicide results from depression and anger at others that is redirected toward oneself,
Extreme expression of self-hatred,
Common for them to have early parental loss

Question 24

Durkheim’s Sociocultural View on Suicide

Answer 24

Probability of suicide is determined by how attached a person is to such social groups as the family, religious institutions, and community

Question 25

Egoistic Suicides

Answer 25

Sociocultural View,
Society has little or no control,
Isolated people, not concerned with societal norms

Question 26

Altruistic Suicides

Answer 26

Sociocultural View,
So well integrated into social structure that they intentionally sacrifice their lives for its well-being,
Sacrifice themselves for others

Question 27

Anomic Suicides

Answer 27

Sociocultural View,

Committed by people whose social environment fails to provide stable structures to support and give meaning to life

Question 28

Biological View on Suicide

Answer 28

Low serotonin levels

Question 29

Suicide Prevention Program

Answer 29

Program that tries to identify people who are at risk of killing themselves and to offer them crisis intervention

Question 30

Crisis

Answer 30

Great stress,
Unable to cope,
Feeling threatened/hurt

Question 31

Crisis Intervention

Answer 31

Treatment approach that tries to help people in a psychological crisis to view their situation more accurately, make better decisions, act more constructively, and overcome the crisis

Question 32

4 Tasks of a Suicide Hotline Counselor/Therapist

Answer 32

1. Establish a positive relationship to create trust
2. Understand/clarify the problem to help caller see central issues
3. Assess and mobilize resources to point out people that can help
4. Formulate a plan that include follow-up counseling sessions