Chapter 7 - Skin Structure, Growth and Nutrition Flashcards
A(n) ________ is a physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair and nails.
a. histologist
b. dermatologist
c. esthetician
d. pediatrician
b. dermatologist
Healthy skin is:
a. smooth with a fine-grained texture
b. highly acidic
c. dry and tough
d. infexible
a. smooth with a fine-grained texture
All of the following are appendages of the skin except:
a. sudoriferous glands
b. nails
c. adrenal glands
d. hair
c. adrenal glands
Which of the following correctly identifies the layers of the skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?
a. dermis, subcutaneous, epidermis
b. epidermis, subcutaneous, dermis
c. dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous
d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
Cells that are almost dead and pushed to the surface to replace cells are shed from the:
a. stratum corneum
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum germinativum
d. stratum granulosum
a. stratum corneum
The layer directly beneath the epidermis is the:
a. reticular layer
b. stratum spinosum
c. papillary layer
d. subcutaneous tissue
c. papillary layer
Which type of tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body and provides a protective cushion?
a. subcutaneous tissue
b. cardiac tissue
c. muscle tissue
d. nerve tissue
a. subcutaneous tissue
Which nerve fibers are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles?
a. motor nerve fibers
b. sensory nerve fibers
c. secretory nerve fibers
d. impulse nerve fibers
a. motor nerve fibers
Nerves that regulate the secretion of perspiration and sebum are:
a. motor nerve fibers
b. sensory nerve fibers
c. secretory nerve fibers
d. impulse nerve fibers
c. secretory nerve fibers
Basic sensations such as touch, pain, heat, cold and pressure are registered by:
a. arrector pili muscles
b. nerve endings
c. sweat pores
d. hair follicles
b. nerve endings
The amount and type of pigment produced by an individual is determined primarily by his or her: A. Genes B. Gender C. Sun exposure D. Age
A. Genes
Skin gets its strength, form and flexibility from: A. Collagen and keratin B. Sebum and melanin C. Keratin and elastin D. Collagen and elastin
D. Collagen and elastin
The Sudoriferous glands do not: A. Help regulate body temperature B. Eliminate waste products C. Secrete a lubricating substance D. Exist on the palms and soles
C. Secrete a lubricating substance
To keep your body healthy, you must be sure that what you eat: A. Prevents hydration B. Causes fatigue C. Has a pleasant taste D. Regulates the function of your cells
D. Regulates the function of your cells
Which vitamin accelerates the skin's healing processing and is vitally important in fighting the aging process? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin C C. Vitamin D D. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin C
The epidermis is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ layer of the skin. A. Healthiest B. Thickest C. Thinnest D. Most important
C. Thinnest
The scalp has larger and deeper \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ than the skin on the rest of the body. A. Melanocytes B. Propionibacterium acnes C. Sensory nerve fibers D. Hair follicles
D. Hair follicles
It is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ for a cosmetologist to completely remove a client's callus in the salon. A. Safe B. Legal C. Prohibited D. Recommended
C. Prohibited
One of the best ways to follow a healthy diet is to read: A. Magazine articles B. Food labels C. Diet books D. Legal guidelines
B. Food labels
Emotional stress and hormone imbalances can increase the flow of: A. Sebum B. Spinal fluid C. Lymph D. Pus
A. Sebum
To function correctly, the body needs:
A. Carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins
B. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and fats
C. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, fats and minerals
D. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, fats, minerals and water
D. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, fats, minerals and water
The USDA recommends that people eat: A. Zero salt and sugar B. Large amounts of salt and sugar C. Moderate amounts of salt and sugar D. Moderate amounts of salt and no sugar
C. Moderate amounts of salt and sugar
Vitamin pills are considered: A. Nutritional requirements B. Nutrition supplements C. Cosmetics D. Prescription medications
B. Nutrition supplements
The appropriate amount of water that a person should drink each day is determined by a persons: A. Weight B. Age C. Skin color D. Medical history
A. Weight
Lack of water is the principal cause of: A. Daytime fatigue B. Daytime hunger C. Daytime mood swings D. Daytime memory loss
A. Daytime fatigue
Small cone-shaped elevations at the bottom of the hair follicles are: A. Melanocytes B. Papules C. Dermal pillae D. Secretory coils
C. Dermal pillae
The layer of the epidermis where the process of skin cell shedding begins in the: A. Stratum corneum B. Stratum lucidum C. Stratum germinativum D. Stratum spinosum
D. Stratum spinosum
The coiled base of the Sudoriferous glands known as the : A. Secretory coil B. Sweat duct C. Sebaceous gland D. Elastin coil
A. Secretory coil
A small, round elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus is a: A. Comedo B. Papule C. Callus D. Pustule
B. Papule
Fatty tissue found below the dermis is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ tissue. A. Secretory B. Sudoriferous C. Subcutaneous D. Sensory
C. Subcutaneous
An inflamed pimple containing pus is a: A. Papillary B. Pustule C. Callus D. Comedo
B. Pustule
The outer layer of the epidermis is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ layer. A. Papillary B. Reticular C. Tactile D. Epidermal
A. Papillary
A fatty and oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is: A. Sebum B. Lymph C. Pus D. Melanin
A. Sebum
The layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells filled with keratin is the: A. Stratum spinosum B. Stratum granulosum C. Stratum corneum D. Stratum germinativum
B. Stratum granulosum
The layer of epidermis also known as the basal cell layer is the: A. Stratum lucidum B. Stratum spinosum C. Stratum corneum D. Stratum germinativum
D. Stratum germinativum
The epidermis is made of how many layers or the skin? A. 1 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4
B. 5
Which vitamin enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin C C. Vitamin D D. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin D
The largest organ of the human body is the : A. Liver B. Lungs C. Skin D. Heart
C. Skin
The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color is: A. Granular melanin B. Pheomelanin C. Eumelanin D. Photovoltaic
B. Pheomelanin
Which of the following is a function of the skin? A. Sensation B. Excretion C. Heat regulation D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The deepest layer of the epidermis, the basal layer, is also known as: A. Stratum spinosum B. Stratum germinativum C. Stratum corneum D. Keratin dermis
B. Stratum germinativum
The surface of healthy skin is slightly: A. Yellow B. Alkaline C. Rough D. Acidic
D. Acidic
The layer of the dermis that houses the nerve endings which provide the body with the sense of touch is found in the: A. Secretory layer B. Papillary layer C. Dermal layer D. Reticular layer
B. Papillary layer
Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called: A. Sudoriferous glands B. Sebaceous glands C. Arrector glands D. Substance glands
B. Sebaceous glands
When sebum hardens and the sebaceous duct becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a: A. Secretory coil B. Lubricant C. Scar D. Comedo
D. Comedo
The underlying or inner layer of the skin, which is also called the derma corium, cutis, or true skin, is called the: A. Papillary B. Dermal C. Dermis D. Epidermis
C. Dermis
The medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, it's functions and disease, is: A. Anatomy B. Dermatology C. Histology D. Physiology
B. Dermatology
The layer of skin that we see and is treated by the practitioner is the: A. Corneum B. Keratin C. Melanin D. Spinosum
A. Corneum
Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body's weight? A. 20-30% B. 35-45% C. 50-70% D. 40-45%
C. 50-70%
The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the: A. Papillary layer B. Subcutaneous layer C. Reticular layer D. Basal layer
C. Reticular layer
Fatty tissue found below the dermis is: A. Tactile B. Papillae C. Subcutaneous tissue D. Papillary layer
C. Subcutaneous tissue
The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the: A. Subcutaneous B. Surface C. Epidermis D. Dermis
C. Epidermis
The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the : A. Angled muscle B. Secretory muscle C. Absorption muscle D. Arrector pili muscle
D. Arrector pili muscle
The dermis layer is made up of two layers, which are the: A. Papillary and reticular B. Papillary and dermal C. Dermal and tactile D. Tactile and reticular
A. Papillary and reticular
The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment called: A. Keratin B. Elongated C. Melanin D. Granules
C. Melanin
The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is the: A. Dermis corpuscles B. Epidermal-dermal junction C. Epidermal-dermal connection D. Epidermis junction
B. Epidermal-dermal junction
The clear, transparent layer just under the stratum corneum that consists of small cells through which light can pass is the: A. Stratum lucidum B. Stratum corneum C. Stratum spinosum D. Stratum granulosum
A. Stratum lucidum
All of the following are appendages of the skin EXCEPT: A. Pineal gland B. Nails C. Sebaceous glands D. Hair
A. Pineal gland
The tiny grains of pigment deposited in cells that provide skin with its color are: A. Protein B. Keratin C. Melanin D. Collagen
C. Melanin
Which type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles? A. Sensory B. Motor C. Secretory D. All of the above
B. Motor
