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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 7: Skin & Appendages > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Skin & Appendages Flashcards

1
Q

Appendage’s

A

epidermal and dermal-derived components of the skin that include hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

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2
Q

Skin

A

Largest organ of the body; aka Integumentary system

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3
Q

complex non-living material between cells in a tissue; helps attach the cells and structure the cells into tissues; binds tissue together

A

Extracellular matrix (ECM)

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4
Q

Components of ECM

A

Water
Proteins and Proteoglycans
-Collagen
-Elastin
-Proteoglycans

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5
Q

Two Main Layers of the Skin

A

Epidermis & Dermis

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6
Q

Hypo

A

below

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7
Q

Epidermis

A

Avascular- lack of blood vessels. no nerves; dead; have 5 layers

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8
Q

Dermis

A

has blood vessels; alive; lots of nerve endings; appendages; true skin; have 2 layers.

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9
Q

Hair below the epidermis

A

alive

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10
Q

Hair above the dermis

A

dead

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11
Q

Lies beneath the dermis; where the concentration of adipose cells lies; are considered not part of the skin; the layer of tissue that underlies the skin and muscle binding.

A

Hypodermis also known as Subcutaneous Tissue

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12
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Fat cells

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13
Q

Muscle attached to the hair

A

Arrector pili

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14
Q

Occurs when arrector pili muscles pull hair upright

A

goosebumps

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15
Q

permanent art that is injected with ink into the dermis forming a scar

A

tattoo

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16
Q

Produces oily substance to hair.
-an exocrine gland
-keeps its skin smooth, by releasing estrogen

A

sebaceous gland

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17
Q

Produces sweat.
-gets rid of toxins
-regulates the temperature by secreting sweat when the body is hot or stressed
-exocrine gland

A

Sweat/Sudoriferous gland

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18
Q

Difference between the sebaceous gland and the sudoriferous gland

A

The sebaceous gland produces oil and the sudoriferous gland produces sweat

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19
Q

In the dermis, and has the ability to detect pressure being put on

A

Tactile nerve endings

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20
Q

In the dermis and has the ability to detect pain.

A

Pain nerve fibers

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21
Q

feeling swollen glands

A

tactile palpate

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22
Q

Below the hypodermis

A

muscles

23
Q

Below the muscles

A

connective tissue

24
Q

deep in the muscle

A

intramuscular

25
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum and stratum basal

26
Q

most superficial layer of epidermis (keratinized layer)

A

stratum corneum

27
Q

bottom layer of the epidermis

A

stratum basal

28
Q

difference between the apical and basal layer

A

top layer (apical) and bottom layer (basal)

29
Q

between the dermis and the epidermis

A

Dermo epidermal Junction

30
Q

in the epidermal derma joint; responsible for skin color; made from proteins and hormones; filter ultraviolet lights.

A

Melanocytes

31
Q

Properties of Melanin

A

protection of rays
pigment of the skin
made from proteins and hormones

32
Q

Grade of burns

A

Grade I
Grade II
Grade III
Grade IV

33
Q

-in the epidermis
-it wont hurt much
-sunburn

A

Grade I

34
Q

-in the dermis
-tissue damage
-kills off cells
-blister- frictional damage/epidermis and dermis rubbed against each other

A

Grade II

35
Q

-in the hypodermis
-all the fluid in the body leaks out; the cause of death maybe because of dehydration
-need to have skin grafts to heal

A

Grade III

36
Q

-burn that goes through the hypodermis and into the bone muscle is burn through
-tissue necrosis
-jellyfish sting

A

Grade IV

37
Q

jellyfish injects an enzyme that causes tissue necrosis, what does tissue necrosis mean?
-tissue necrosis can also be caused by diabetes

A

tissue destruction

38
Q

damaged to the dermis and the result of too many cell production

A

scars

39
Q

forming of such a big scar

A

keloid

40
Q

cut away the dead tissue for bacteria to not hide under

A

debridement

41
Q

-tissue is not getting enough oxygen making the veins turns blue
-when it loses oxygen and gains carbon dioxide

A

Cyanosis/Cyanotic

42
Q

shock to the system making you turn pale or white.
-all the blood goes into the extremities and organs

A

Pallor

43
Q

dorsal part of the hands have

A

temperature nerves

44
Q

ventral part of the hands (palm) have

A

tactile nerves

45
Q

-are extremely sensitive
-more sensitive to temperature than the dorsal part of the hands

A

lips

46
Q

ONYCHO

A

nails

47
Q

consists of epidermal cells converted to hard keratin; grows through mitosis; bed contains abundant blood vessels

A

nails

48
Q

separation of the nail from the nail bed

A

onycholysis

49
Q

formation of keratin; main purpose to keep water out and moisture in; bonded tightly together

A

keratinization

50
Q

a region of injured tissue or skin in which blood capillaries ruptured; a bruise

A

contusion

51
Q

delivery of blood to an area

A

vascular perfusion

52
Q

a protein that serves as one of the main building blocks for your skin, bones, hair, muscles, tendons, and ligaments; keeps you looking youthful

A

collagen

53
Q

a discontinuity of the skin or a break in the skin; defined as a sore or breach in the lining of the epithelium and is slow to heal.

A

ulcer

Anatomy & Physiology (3 decks)

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