Chapter 7 - Religion and Myth

Question 1

divine myths

Answer 1

stories in which Gods are important, creating universe and establishing rules. Explains where world cam from

Question 2

legends

Answer 2

(Sagas) - stores about heros and human past, analogous to history

Question 3

folktale

Answer 3

similar to novels/films; fictional, may contain moral advice

-myth and religion are often confused b/c they both focus on how to explain otherwise incomprehensible phenomenon

Question 4

anthropomorphic

Answer 4

“imagining Gods as humans”; having human form; Cronus, and Rhea

Question 5

evolutionary regilion

Answer 5

embraces totality of things feared by a social group at any time and has no specific origin; always polythiestic’ evolve form humans
-response to hostile world

Question 6

revealed religion

Answer 6

have founders, men with relation to the devine; monotheistic, tied to written documents, still evolves

Question 7

mythos

Answer 7

tale to justify, explain or amuse involving gods and supernatural

Question 8

chaos

Answer 8

“gap/chasm” - if one yawned, as if one thing had become two

-Hesiod wrote “works and days” about agriculture and Pandora; also “theogony” - birth of gods

Question 9

Gaea

Answer 9

Earth

Question 10

Eros

Answer 10

sexual energy; nothing to do with love; lust

Question 11

Uranus

Answer 11

the sky

-Gaea and Uranus engage in sexual embrane, from it comes the TItans, Giants and hecatoncurase

Question 12

Furies

Answer 12

protect marriage and familial bonds; from Uranus teste blood.
-if a family member is killed, they’ll be haunted by furies

Question 13

magic

Answer 13

forces; powers that govern life to do what we wish; can work by imitation of the desired affect; persuasion of the Gods by sacrifice was used

Question 14

sacrifice

Answer 14

killing of animals or offering of fruit/plants to the gods, in return the gods grant your wish

• “do utdes” = I give and you might give”
• slit animals throat, let it bleed out on Gods alter, eat the animal in feast; only time Greeks ate meat

Question 15

etiological myth

Answer 15

explain why/how something happens’ etion = cause/reason; explains bizarre cultural practices

Question 16

cnthonic cult

Answer 16

“of the earth”; directed toward ghosts, underworld spirits and supernatural beings like heros

Question 17

muses

Answer 17

9 daughters of zeus; each had an art

Question 18

Hera

Answer 18

zeus’ sister/wife, protects marriage; queen of Gods

Question 19

psyche

Answer 19

“soul”/”breathe soul”; souls go to underworld after death

Question 20

miasma

Answer 20

“stench”, “blood-pollution”; impurity

Question 21

Eleusian mysteries

Answer 21

“mystery cult”; cults that did stuff in secret; Persephone and Demeter, the season

Question 22

Orphics

Answer 22

“follows of Orpheus”; went to get Eurydice from underworld, failed, torn apart by Bacchae - followers of Dionysus
-vegetarians, believe in reincarnation; connected

Question 23

Bacchus

Answer 23

Dionysus; maemads = Bacchae;

• God of wine and lots, ceremonies “orgia”; all women, “orgy”
• God of contradicitons, from Turkey, Bacchae would sometimes eat wild raw animals Chaose occurs in orgia, men were forbidden.