Chapter 7 - Reaction To Change At Home And Abroad Flashcards
How were the names ‘left wing’ and ‘right wing’ established?
Following the October Days, the National Assembly followed the royal family back to Paris and made the Tuileries gardens wit’s meeting hall. The deputies arranged themselves on the left and right of the president’s platform and their positions were given ‘left wing’ and ‘right wing’ to political divisions ever since.
Who were in the ‘right wing’ divisions?
Aristocrats (members of the highest class in society e.g. the nobility), monarchists and the constitutional monarchists (those who believed the country should be ruled by the monarch, but their power is limited by the country’s constitution).
Who were in the ‘left wing’ divisions?
More radical group and the far left were those who were most radical who followed Robespierre Maximilien.
What was the Society of Eighty-Nine?
A political club founded by Abbe Sieyes that was the meeting place of the supporters of a constitutional monarchy. It met at the Palais-Royal and charged high entry fee so membership was mainly wealthy like Lafayette and Mirabeau
Who were the Jacobins?
A left –wing political club set up in May 1789 who met daily and by 1790 there were 152 associated ‘Jacobin clubs’ around France. Initially its membership was just deputies however it expanded to bourgeoisie as membership fees were high, however the club adopted a radical position in 1791, and fees were reduced and from October 1791 large numbers of lower class joined.
What was the Cordeliers Club?
A left wing political club that claimed to protect citizens right and keep watch on the activities of the Assembly. The entry fee was minimal, and membership was open to all including women and passive citizens. The club developed more radical democratic and republican ideas.
What was Louis position by June 1791 that led to the Flight to Varennes?
The King lost authority via Civil Constitution of the Clergy.
His support from the Army had been challenged.
His divine right had been challenged.
Political clubs were emerging.
Saint Cloud incident April 1791
What was the Saint Cloud incident of April 1791?
Louis and his family had planned to spend Easter at Saint Cloud Palace to take mass but were prevented from leaving Tuileries by a mob of National Guardsmen.
When was the King’s flight to Varennes?
20/21st of June 1791
What were the events of The Flight to Varennes?
-Louis decided to have all members travel separately instead of separately as suggested and the departure was delayed, and the weight of the coach slowed the journey. He continued without protection.
-At Saint-Menehould, Louis was recognised by a former soldier (Jean-Baptiste Drouet who said to have recognised him from the coins in his pocket) who rode to the next town, Varennes, to stop the coach.
-Representatives of the National Assembly escorted the royal family back to Paris.
How did the people of Paris welcome Louis XVI back after the Flight to Varennes?
Louis returned humiliated and people kept on their hats as he returned as a sign of disrespect.
What were the outcomes of the Flight to Varennes?
Raised doubts about the King’s sincerity.
Listed complaints of how he’d been treated to justify his attempt.
16th July 1791 - The National Assembly ‘temporarily suspended’ the King until he swore to uphold the new constitution.
Deepened political and social divisions.
What did the Flight to Varennes cause demand for?
Calls for the King’s removal from the throne and demands for a republic.
What was the Champ de Mars on the 17th July 1791?
The Cordeliers Club organised a meeting at the Champ de Mars on 17th July, where people could sign a petition calling for a republic.
How many people turned up to the Champ de Mars?
6000 people made their way for the meeting causing fears of disorder and chaos.
