Chapter 7: physical growth in early childhood Flashcards
What is the growth rate for children aged 2-6?
Children grow around 3 inches each year and gain about 4-5 lbs each year.
How does the growth rate of early childhood compare to infancy?
The growth rate in early childhood is slower than that of infants.
What are the physical characteristics of a 3-year-old?
A 3-year-old is very physically similar to a toddler.
What are the average weight and height of a 6-year-old?
A 6-year-old weighs around 46 lbs and is about 46 inches tall.
What nutritional concerns arise between ages 2 and 6?
There is a reduced appetite which can lead to poor eating habits.
What is the calorie intake for children aged 2-3?
Children aged 2-3 need 1000-1400 calories per day.
What is the calorie intake for children aged 4-8?
Children aged 4-8 need 1200-2000 calories per day.
What should parents do regarding their child’s nutrition?
Parents need to provide adequate nutrition and limit sugary snacks or drinks.
What can happen if preschoolers are given too much milk?
Preschoolers can experience iron deficiency.
What tips can help establish healthy eating habits?
Don’t fight over food, recognize appetite varies, keep mealtime pleasant, limit choices, serve balanced meals, and don’t bribe.
What percentage of adult brain weight does a 2-year-old’s brain weigh?
A 2-year-old’s brain weighs 75% of adult weight.
What percentage of adult brain weight does a 6-year-old’s brain weigh?
A 6-year-old’s brain weighs 95% of adult weight.
What development occurs in the prefrontal cortex?
Children become able to control outbursts and understand how to play games.
What do children’s drawings indicate about their development?
Children’s drawings represent the development of visual pathways.
What are gross motor milestones for a 3-year-old?
A 3-year-old can climb, run, pedal a tricycle, and walk up and down stairs.
What are gross motor milestones for a 4-year-old?
A 4-year-old can hop and stand on one foot for up to 2 seconds and catch a bounced ball.
What are gross motor milestones for a 5-year-old?
A 5-year-old can stand on one foot for up to 10 seconds, may skip, and can use the toilet independently.
What activities support gross motor skills?
Activities include tricycles, slides, swings, and playing ball.
What fine motor milestones can a 3-year-old achieve?
A 3-year-old can copy circles, turn pages of books, and build towers of more than 6 blocks.
What fine motor milestones can a 4-year-old achieve?
A 4-year-old can pour, cut, and draw people with 2-4 body parts.
What fine motor milestones can a 5-year-old achieve?
A 5-year-old can draw people with at least 6 body parts and print some letters or numbers.
What activities support fine motor skills?
Activities include pouring water, drawing, using scissors, and finger painting.
What are the effects of extended sleeplessness?
Extended sleeplessness can have severe psychological effects and lead to loss of immune function.
How much sleep do newborns need?
Newborns need around 18 hours of sleep, with 9 hours in REM.
How much sleep do young children need?
Young children need 10-11 hours of sleep.
What is sleepwalking?
Sleepwalking causes a person to get up and walk during early sleep, appearing awake but confused upon waking.
What are sleep terrors?
Sleep terrors involve sudden arousal from deep sleep with intense fear and can last up to 10 minutes.
What is nightmare disorder?
Nightmare disorder involves very frequent nightmares that often portray life-threatening situations.
What is childhood obesity?
Childhood obesity occurs when a child is greatly above the normal weight for their age and height.
What are some causes of childhood obesity?
Causes include high-calorie, low-nutrient food, lack of exercise, and sedentary activities.
What are some immediate health risks of childhood obesity?
Immediate health risks include high blood pressure, breathing problems, and joint issues.
What are common safety risks for children?
Common safety risks include car crashes, drowning, suffocation, poisoning, fires, and falls.
