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ACE > Chapter 7- part 2, from manual > Flashcards

Chapter 7- part 2, from manual Flashcards

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1
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

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2
Q

Kyphosis

A

increased posterior thoracic curve in spine

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3
Q

Kyphosis-Lordosis (Tight/Shortened Muscles)

A

Hip flexors, lumbar extensors, anterior chest/shoulders, Latissimus dorsi, Neck extensors

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4
Q

Kyphosis-Lordosis (Inhibited/lengthened)

A

Hip extensors, external obliques, upper back extensors, scapular stabilizers, neck flexors

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5
Q

Flat Back posture

A

decreased anterior lumbar curve

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6
Q

flat-back tight muscles

A

rectus abdominis, upper back extensors, neck extensors, ankle plantar flexors

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7
Q

flat-back (inhibited/lengthened)

A

illacus/psoas major, internal oblique, lumbar extensors, neck flexors

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8
Q

sway-back posture

A

decreased anterior lumbar curve and increased posterior thoracic curve from neutral

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9
Q

sway back tight muscles

A

hamstrings, upper fibers of posterior obliques, lumbar extensors, neck extensors

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10
Q

sway back weak/inhibited muscles

A

illiacus/psoas major, rectus femoris, external oblique, upper back extensors, neck flexors

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11
Q

pronated subtalar joint causes

A

Eversion of foot, internal tibial and femoral rotation, lifts outside of heel, may tighten calf muscles and limit dorsi flextion

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12
Q

supination of subtalar joint causes

A

inversion of foot, external tibial and femoral rotation, lifts inside of heal, limits plantar flexion

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13
Q

hip adduction

A

in standing and in gaitt, hip adduction is a lateral tilt of pelvis, weakens and lengthens hip abductors, which are un able to hold hip level.

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14
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt- tight muscles

A

hip flexors, erector spinae- view in sagittal plane

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15
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt- weak muscles

A

hamstrings, rectus abdominis- view in sagittal plane

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16
Q

posterior pelvic tilt- tight muscles

A

rectus abdominis, hamstrings

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17
Q

posterior pelvic tilt- weak muscles

A

hip flexors, erector spinae

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18
Q

Shoulders not level- tight muscles

A

upper traps, levator scapula, rhomboids- frontal plane of view

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19
Q

shoulders asymmetry to midline- tight muscles

A

lateral trunk flexors(flexed side) - Frontal plane of view

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20
Q

protracted shoulders- tight muscles

A

serratus anterior, anterior scapulohumeral muscles, upper traps (serratus anterior is tight with scap protraction and lengthened with scap winging)- view in sagittal plane

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21
Q

medially rotated humerus - tight muscles

A

pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi (shoulder adductors), subscapularis - view from frontal plane

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22
Q

kyphosis and depressed chest- tight muscles

A

shoulders adductors, pectoralis minor, rectus abdominis, internal obliques- view from sagittal plane

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23
Q

Forward head position- tight muscles

A

cervical spine extensors, upper traps, levator scapulae, view from sagittal plane

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24
Q

ASIS

A

anterior superior iliac spine

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25
Q

PSIS

A

Posterior superior iliac spine

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26
Q

5 Primary Movements

A
  1. Bending/Raising and lifting/lowering
  2. Single leg movements
  3. Pushing movements
  4. Pulling Movements
  5. Rotational movements
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27
Q

Bend and lift screen- lack of foot stability: ankles collapse inward/outward- tight muscles

A

soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, peroneals

28
Q

Bend and lift screen- lack of foot stability: ankles collapse inward/outward- weak muscles

A

medial gastrocnemius, gracilis, sartorius, tibialis group

29
Q

Bend and lift screen- knee moves inward- tight muscles

A

hip adductors, tensor fascia latae

30
Q

Bend and lift screen- knee moves inward- weak muscles

A

gluteus Medius and maximus

31
Q

Bend and lift screen- Torso, lateral shift to a side

A

side dominance and muscle imbalance due to potential lack of stability in the lower extremity during joint loading

32
Q

Bend and lift screen- unable to keep heels in contact with the floor- tight muscles

A

plantar flexors (no weak muscles)

33
Q

Bend and lift screen- observing hip/knee- movement initiated at knee

A

movement initiated at knees may indicate quad and hip flexor dominance as well as insufficient activation of the gluteus group

34
Q

Bend and lift screen- unable to get parallel between tibia and torso

A

poor mechanics, lack of dorsi flexion due to tight plantar flexors (which normally allow the tibia to move forward)

35
Q

Bend and lift screen- hamstring contact back of calves

A

muscles weakness and poor mechanics, resulting in an inability to stabilize and control the lowering phase

36
Q

Bend and lift screen- back excessively arches- tight muscles

A

hip flexors, back extensors, lats

37
Q

Bend and lift screen- back excessively arches- weak muscles

A

core, rectus abdominis, gluteal group, hamstrings

38
Q

Bend and lift screen- back rounds forward- tight muscles

A

lats, teres major, pectoralis major and minor

39
Q

Bend and lift screen- back rounds forward- weak muscles

A

upper back extensors

40
Q

Bend and lift screen- head downward

A

increased hip and trunk flexion

41
Q

Bend and lift screen- head upward

A

compression and tightness in the cervical extensor region

42
Q

Hurdle step screen- lack of foot stability, ankle collapse inward/feet turn outward- tight muscles

A

soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, peroneals

43
Q

Hurdle step screen- lack of foot stability, ankle collapse inward/feet turn outward- weak muscles

A

medial gastrocnemius, gracilis, sartorius, tibialis group, gluetus medius and macimus, inability to control internal rotation

44
Q

Hurdle step screen- knees move inward- tight muscles

A

hip adductors, tensor fascia latae

45
Q

Hurdle step screen- knees move inward- weak muscles

A

gluteus medius and maximus

46
Q

Hurdle step screen- hip adduction > 2in - tight muscles

A

hip adductors, tensor facia latae

47
Q

Hurdle step screen- hip adduction > 2in- weak muscles

A

gluteus medius and maximus

48
Q

Hurdle step screen- stance leg hip inward rotation- tight muscles

A

stance leg or raised-leg internal rotators

49
Q

Hurdle step screen- stance leg hip inward rotation- weak muscles

A

stance-leg or raised leg external rotators

50
Q

Hurdle step screen- lack of dorsiflextion in raises leg- tight/weak muscles

A

tight plantar flexors and weak dorsiflexors

51
Q

Hurdle step screen- raised leg deviates from sagittal plane- tight and weak muscles

A

tight raised leg hip extensors and weak raises leg hip flexors

52
Q

Hurdle step screen- hiking the raises hip- tight muscles

A

stance leg hip flexors are tight, limiting posterior hip rotation during raise

53
Q

Hurdle step screen- anterior tilt with forward torso lean, tight and weak muscles

A

tight stance leg hip flexors, weak rectus abdominis and hip extensors

54
Q

Hurdle step screen- posterior tilt with hunched -over torso, tight and weak muscles

A

tight rectus abdominis and hip extensors, weak stance leg hip flexors

55
Q

Shoulder push stabilization screen- winging during push up

A

inability of parascapular muscles to stabilize against rib cage (serratus anterior, taps, levator scapula, rhomboids)

56
Q

Shoulder push stabilization screen- hyperextension or collasping of low back

A

lack of core, abdominal and low back strength

57
Q

Thoracic spine mobility screen- how many degrees is normal?

A

45 degrees each direction

58
Q

thoracic spine mobility screen- bilateral discrepancy

A

Side dominance

59
Q

Thomas test, back of lowered thigh does not touch table,knee does not flex 80 degrees

A

tight hip flexors

60
Q

thomas test, back of lowered thigh does not touch table, but knee DOES flex 80 degrees

A

tight iliopsoas, preventing hip from rotating posteriorly and inhibiting the thigh from being able to touch the table

61
Q

Thomas test, back of lowered thigh DOES touch table, but knee does NOT flex to 80 degrees

A

tight rectus femoris which does not allow knee to bend

62
Q

Passive straight leg raise (PSL), raises leg > 80 degrees of movement

A

normal hamstring length

63
Q

Passive straight leg raise (PSL), raised leg < 80 degrees, or opposite leg lifts off mat

A

tight hamstrings

64
Q

Shoulder flexion test, inability to flex to 170 degrees

A

potential tightness in pec major and minor, lats, teres major, rhomboids and subscapularis

65
Q

Shoulder extension test, inability to extend shoulder to 50 degrees

A

potential tightness in pec major, abs, subscapularis and bicep brachii

66
Q

Shoulder external/lateral rotation, inability to reach floor

A

tightness in internal rotators of the arm

67
Q

shoulder internal/medial rotation, inability to internally rotate forearm 70 degrees

A

tightness in external rotators of the arm

ACE (5 decks)

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