Chapter 7; PART 2

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

moves substances against their concentration gradients, hence requires energy, usually in the form of ATP

Question 2

Active transport allows cells to maintain

Answer 2

concentration gradients that differ from their surroundings

Question 3

sodium-potassium (NaK) pump

Answer 3

is one type of active transport system
• NaK pump is the major electrogenic pump of animal cells
• An electrogenic pump is a transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane

Question 4

Cotransport

Answer 4

occurs when active transport of a solute indirectly drives transport of other solutes

Question 5

proton pump

Answer 5

The main electrogenic pump of plants, fungi & bacteria

– Electrogenic pumps help store energy that can be used for cellular work

Question 6

Plants use the gradient of hydrogen ions generated by proton pumps to

Answer 6

drive active transport of nutrients into the cell

Question 7

While small molecules, ions & water enter or leave the cell through the lipid bilayer

Answer 7

or via transport proteins, large molecules, such as polysaccharides and proteins, cross the PM in bulk via vesicles

Question 8

exocytosis

Answer 8

transport or secretary vesicles migrate to the membrane, fuse with it, and release their contents

Question 9

Many secretory cells use

Answer 9

exocytosis to export their products