Chapter 7: Nervous System

Question 0

Axon

Answer 0

Neuron process that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body ; efferent process; the conducting portion of a nerve cell

Question 1

Afferent Neuron

Answer 1

Nerve cells that carry impulses toward the central nervous system

Question 2

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 2

The division of the nervous system that functions involuntarily; innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands

Question 3

Brain Stem

Answer 3

The portion of the brain consisting of the medulla , pons and midbrain

Question 4

Central Nervous System

Answer 4

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Part of the hindbrain ; involved in producing smoothly coordinated skeletal muscle activity

Question 6

Cerebral Hemisphere

Answer 6

Half of the cerebrum , the part of brain that controls muscle functions and emotions

Question 7

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Answer 7

The fluid produced by choroid plexuses; fills the ventricles and surrounds the central nervous system

Question 8

Dendrites

Answer 8

The branching extensions of neurons that carry electrical signals to the cell body; the receptive portion of a nerve cell

Question 9

Depolarization

Answer 9

The loss of a state of polarity; the loss of a negative charge inside the plasma membrane

Question 10

Efferent Neuron

Answer 10

Neurons that conduct impulses away from the central nervous system

Question 11

Ganglion

Answer 11

A group of nerve cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system

Question 12

Gray Matter

Answer 12

The gray area of the central nervous system ; contains unmyelinated nerve fibers and nerve cell bodies

Question 13

Interneurons

Answer 13

Completes the pathway between afferent and efferent neurons ; also called an association neuron

Question 14

Meninges

Answer 14

The membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

Question 15

Myelin

Answer 15

A white , fatty lipid substance

Question 16

Nerve

Answer 16

Bundle of neuronal processes(axons) outside the central nervous system

Question 17

Neuroglia

Answer 17

The non neuronal tissue of the central nervous system that performs supportive and other functions ; also called glia

Question 18

Neurons

Answer 18

Cells of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages throughout the body

Question 19

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 19

Constrictions in the myelin sheath that surrounds the axons of nerve cells

Question 20

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 20

Consist of the nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord

Question 21

Plexus

Answer 21

Complex network of nerves, blood vessels, or lymphatic vessels

Question 22

Polarization

Answer 22

Maintaining an excess of sodium ions on the outside and an excess of potassium ions on the inside

Question 23

Receptor

Answer 23

A molecule on the surface or within the cell that I recognizes and binds with specific molecules

Question 24

Reflex

Answer 24

A rapid, involuntary response to a stimulus

Question 25

Repolarization

Answer 25

The return of ions to their previous resting state

Question 26

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 26

Part of the peripheral nervous system associated with skeletal muscle voluntary control of body movements. Consist of afferent and efferent nerves

Question 27

Synapse

Answer 27

A structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell

Question 28

White Matter

Answer 28

Tissue found in the brain , contains nerve fibers