Chapter 7: Motivation as a Responsibility of Leadership Flashcards
Progression of Job Withdrawal Theory
people develop a set of behaviors in order to avoid their work situation.
- behavior change
- physical withdrawal
- psychological withdrawal
Hawthorne Studies
workers were happy to receive attention from researchers who expressed interest in them.
Conclusion: We should try to do things that make employees feel valued.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
- Self-actualization needs:: to better ourselves
- Esteem needs:: to feel good about ourselves.
- Social needs:: to spend time with others
- Safety needs:: to feel safe; job security
- Physiological needs:: food, shelter, water
Herzberg Two-Factor Theory
Motivation and Hygiene Factors
Herzberg’s 6 Motivation Factors
- achievement
- recognition
- the work itself
- responsibility
- advancement
- growthH
Herzberg’s 6 Hygiene Factors
- company policies
- supervision
- relationship w/ manager
- work conditions
- salary
- relationship w/ peers
McGregor’s XY Theory
Theory X: employees are inherently lazy
Theory Y: employees generally want to do their best.
Carrot and Stick
Carrot: reward
Stick: punishment
Job Descriptive Index (JDI)
looks at 5 aspects of job satisfaction:
1. present job
2. present pay
3. opportunities for promotion
4. supervision
5. coworkers
5 things to consider when developing employee satisfaction survey
- communicate the purpose and goal of the survey
- once the survey is complete, communicate what changes have been made as a result of the survey
- assure employees that their responses will be anonymous and private.
- Involve others in the survey development
- Ask clear, concise, questions that get at the root of the morale issues.
Salaries and Benefits should include
- a standard process
- pay communication strategy
- PTO
What is the purpose of training and development?
to meet higher-level needs of employees, employees must experience growth.
Performance Appraisals
method by which job performance is measured
Why are performance appraisals necessary?
Helps ensure self-actualization needs are met and to fulfill Herzberg’s motivational factors.
Succession planning
identifying and developing internal people who have the potential to fill positions.
Flextime, Telecommuting, and Sabbaticals
helps ensure work-life balance, but is not a viable option for retailers
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)
focuses on the 2-way relationship between managers and their employees; dyadic relationship
What are important aspects of the LMX
- employee is given resources and is allowed a certain amount of decision power granted by the leader.
- the in-group and out-group
In Group
due to LMX, this is the group of individuals who feel “seen” and have the highest job satisfaction.
Out Group
due to LMX, this is the group of individuals who don’t feel appreciated and have the lowest job satisfaction.
Will often only do what is necessary in their job description.
Why is Management Training important?
a poor supervisor/manager is the no. 1 reason why people leave their jobs.
Managers who use the Theory X approach have the lowest retention rates.
How to become a better manager?
managers need to understand the skills needed to be a good leader, continually self-assess, and ask for feedback from employees.
Outcome fairness
judgment of fairness based on the outcomes one receives in comparison to the outcomes received by others with whom they associate.
Procedural justice:
the process used to determine the outcomes received
