Chapter 7 - Laws of Motion and Momentum Flashcards
What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
The principle of conservation of momentum says that total momentum of a closed system is equal before and after a collision
What is the formula for momentum?
P = m x v
What are the properties of a perfectly elastic collision?
Momentum is conserved
Total Energy is conserved
Total KE is conserved
What are the properties of an inelastic collision?
Momentum is conserved
Total Energy is conserved
Total KE is not conserved
What are the 4 types of interaction?
Gravitational
Electromagnetic
Strong Nuclear
Weak Nuclear
How can momentum be investigated in a school?
Velocity of each object is determined with a motion sensor and a laptop, light gates and a digital timer, ticker timers, or stopwatch to measure time taken to cover known distance
What is Newton’s Second Law of motion in terms of momentum?
The resultant force acting on an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of its momentum in the same direction
What is the relationship between resultant force and rate of change of momentum?
Net force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentumq
What is the formula for Newton’s second law of motion with momentum?
Force = Change in Momentum / Change in Time
What is the impulse of a force?
Impulse of a force is defined as the product of force and the time for which this force acts on an object
Change in momentum
What is the formula for impulse?
Impulse = Force x Change in Time
Where is the impulse on a force-time graph?
The impulse is the area under a force-time graph
How is momentum is conserved in collisions?
In collisions and interactions, linear momentum is conserved in all directions
How is momentum conserved in the x direction?
m1v0 = m1v1cos x1 + m2v2cos x2
How is momentum conserved in the y direction?
0 = m1v1sin x1 + m2v2sin x2
What is Newton’s first law of motion?
An object will remain at rest or continue to move with constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant force
What is Newton’s third law of motion?
When two objects interact, the pair of forces produced will always be equal and opposite. The forces on the interacting objects are always of the same type
