Chapter 7 (IP addressing) Flashcards
Broadcast Address
Address used by application and hosts to send information to all hosts on a network.
IP address is how many bits?
32
The bits in an IP address is divided in four sections call what?
An octet
The IP addressing scheme is _______ as opposed to _________
- structured/hierarchical
2. flat or non hierarchical
Advantage and reason for hierarchical addressing scheme?
- it can handle a lot of addresses.
2. good for routing.
IP addressing is structured with what components?
network and host or network, subnet and host.
“Network address”
aka: network number. Uniquely identifies each network.
Function of the host address?
Uniquely identifies each machine on a network.
Two components of a IP address?
- Network
2. Host
In class A, B and C how many bits are used for the network address and how many for host?
A = 8 bit for network 24 bits for hosts B = 16 bits for network, 16 for hosts C = 24 bits for network and 8 for hosts.
The first bit of a Class A network address must always be?
Off. 0.
Actual usable class a network addresses?
126
Network address of all 0s means?
this network or segment.
Network address of all 1s means?
all networks
Host address of all 0s?
Network address or any host on specified network
Host address of all 1s? eg: 128.2.255.255
All hosts on a specified network 128.2
Entire IP address set to 1 means? eg: 255.255.255.255
Broadcast to all hosts on the current network.
Each class A address has how many bytes for the host address?
3
Class B address of 172.16.30.56. Which part is host with part is network address?
- 16 is the host
30. 56 is the network address
In a Class B network, the RFC states what about the first and second bit?
1st must always be on.
2nd must always be off.
In a Class C address, the first 3 bit positions are always what?
110
Class B network range?
128-191
Class C network range?
192-223
What class is network address 224?
D
What class is network address 255?
E
Reserved Private IP addresses for Class A
10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
Reserved Private IP addresses for Class B
172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255
Reserved Private IP addresses for Class C
192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255
Are private IP addresses routable through the Internet?
no
What is NAT
process where a network device, usually a firewall, assigns a public address to a computer (or group of computers) inside a private network. The main use of NAT is to limit the number of public IP addresses an organization or company must use
Default IP address range for APIPA
169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254
Characteristics of Layer 2 broadcast?
Only go out on a LAN. Not past the LAN boundary…the router.
Rule of Thumb when setting up a corp network, regardless of how small, what class network should you use?
Class A. Gives you the most flexibility and growth options. (p.197)
CIDR
Classless Internet Domain Routing.
a method for allocating IP addresses and routing Internet Protocol packets.
Layer 2 broadcast AKA
Hardware broadcast
Char of Layer 3 broadcast
Broadcast is meant to reach all hosts on a broadcast domain. (Have all their bits on.)
Good example of a Layer 3 broadcast?
An ARP request. “If you are the owner of IP address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx please forward your MAC addy to me”
Char of a Unicast.
communication where a piece of information is sent from one point to another point. In this case there is just one sender, and one receiver.
Char of a Multicast address
the delivery of a message or information to a group of destination computers simultaneously in a single transmission from the source
