Chapter 7: Introduction to TCP/IP Flashcards
What is TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Most popular network protocol in use today, thanks largely to the rise of the internet.
What is FTP?
File Transfer Protocol. Used for moving files. Unsecure. TCP
What port is FTP on?
Ports 20 (data) and 21 (connection)
What is SSH?
Secure shell. Replacement for Telnet. Secure (encryption). TCP. Used to make secure remote logins and file transfers.
What port is SSH on?
Port 22
What is Telnet?
Unsecure. Plain text data. Can be used to log in to other computers remotely. TCP.
What port is Telnet on?
Port 23
What is SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Used to send mail from server to server and from server to client.
What port is SMTP on?
Port 25
What is DNS?
Domain Name Server. Resolves hostnames to IP adresses. TCP and UDP.
What port is DNS on?
Port 53
What is HTTP?
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. Used to surf the web. TCP.
What port is HTTP on?
Port 80
What is POP3
Post Office Protocol v3. Used for downoading emails from a server, though replaced by IMAP4.
What port is POP3 on?
Port 110
What is IMAP?
Internet Message Access Protocol. used to download emails from servers. TCP.
What port is IMAP on?
Port 143
What is HTTPS?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. Used to encrypt data between webserver and client for more secure web surfing.
What does HTTPS use to secure data?
SSL (secure socket layer) and TLS (transport socket layer). You will know it’s secure as you may see a lock in the URL bar.
What is RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol. Allows users to connect to remote computers and run programmes. TCP.
What port is RDP on?
3389
What port is HTTPS on?
Port 443
What is NetBIOS / NetBT?
Network Basic Output Input System. Used to file and printer sharing on windows. Also session management services. TCP and UDP.
What port is NetBIOS /NetBT on?
137 (UDP) 139 (TCP)
What are CIFS / SMB?
Common Internet File System / Server Message Blocks. From Microsoft, was made to try and support printer and file shiaring between other operating systems. The default file and printer based protocol on windows since windows 2000.
What port is CIFS / SMB on?
Port 445
What is SLP?
Service Location Protocol. Used to help find resources on a network.
What port is SLP on?
port 427
What is AFP?
Apple Filing Protocol. Used by Apple for file services and transfers.
What port is AFP on?
port 548
What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Dynamically assigns IP addresses to network clients.
What port is DHCP on?
port 67 and 68
What is LDAP?
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. Directory server protocol. Designed to access information in an information directory. TCP.
What port is LDAP
port 389
What is SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. Used for collecting and organizing network performance information. TCP.
What port is SNMP on?
162 and 163
What are the differences between TCP and UDP?
TCP guarantees packet delivery through a virtual circuit and acknowledgements and UDP does not. TCP is connection based and UDP is connectionless. UDP is faster than TCP.
What is UDP?
User Datagram Protocol
What is ICMP?
Internet Control Message Protocol. Responsible for delivering error messages
What is ARP?
Address Resolution Protocol. Resolves logical IP addresses to MAC addresses
What is RARP?
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. Resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses
Any device with an IP address assigned to it is referred to as a what?
A host. This can include servers, workstations, printers, routers, and other devices.
Each of the four grouped numbers in an IP address are known as a what?
An octet
An IP address is an example of what kind of address structure?
A hierarichal address structure
What two parts make up and IP address?
The network ID and the Host ID
How are computers able to different the different parts of an IP address? (Network ID and Host ID)
By using a subnet mask
Using the following IP and subnet masks as examples, what are you being told?
192.168.10.55 / 255.255.255.0
That the first three octets are the network portion of the address and the last octet is the host portion.
192.168.10 = network portion
55 = host portion
For a computer to communicate using IPv4 what is it required have?
It must have an IP address and correct subnet mask. A third component called the default gateway is required if you want the computer to communicate with others outside the local network.
What are the three types of IPv4 address classes?
Class A - First eight bits are the network. The remaining 24 bit are for the hosts For large networks.
Class B - First sixteen bits for the network and the remaining 16 bits for the hosts. For medium sized networks.
Class C - First 24 bits are for the network and the remianing 8 bits are for the host. For smaller networks
What does DHCP do?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provies IP configuration information to clients automatically, in what is called a lease.
When would you use DHCP reservation?
Some hosts needs a static IP address such as routers, servers, printers etc.. A DHCP sever can be configured to always give these hosts the same IP address but assigning the IP address to a specific MAC address.
What is NAT service?
Network Address Translation. It translates private, non-routable IP addresses into public IP addresses
What is CIDR?
Classless Inter-Domain Routing.
What is different about the address structure of IPv6 than IPv4?
It uses a 128 bit hexidecimal address structure where as IPv4 uses 32 decimal structure.
What are the two ways to shorten a IPv6 address?
Either by removing the leading zeros in the address or by converting consecutive zeros to double colons.
What are unicast, anycast and multicast when referring to IPv6?
Different types of IPv6 addresses:
unicast = single node
anycast = referred to multiple nodes
multicast = used by multiple hosts.
What would a VLAN be used for?
Virtual Local Area Networks are used to help segment physical networks into multiple logical (virtual) networks.
What is a VPN?
Virtual Private Network. It is a secure network connection that occurs through a pubic network.
